Poetry Test

Tone

The emotion/attitude the author evokes ex:Angry, Sad, Happy

Voice

Who is talking in the poem

Rhyme Scheme

the pattern in which the poem rhymes, ABBA

Couplet

2 consecutive lines joined together through rhyming

Quatrain

stanza of four lines

sestet

stanza of six lines

Octave/Octet

Stanza of eight lines

Meter

Rhythm of poem; stressed, unstressed pattern

Slant Rhyme

“Audible” ex: Bait, Paid (rhyme

Near Rhyme

“Visual” ex: Laughter, Daughter (rhyme)

Iambic

v / unstressed stressed ex: begin

Trochaic

/ v stressed unstressed ex: wonder

Anapest

v v / unstressed unstressed stressed ex: understand

Dactyl

/ v v Stressed unstressed unstressed ex: bicycle

Spondee

 / / stressed stressed ex: heartthrob

Scansion

system in which one determines the meter of a poem

Catalexis

omission or extra syllable of meter in a line

Enjambent

continuation between lines without punctuation

Volta

turning point of an Italina/Petrachan sonnet, usually line 9

Alliteration

repetition of consonants at beginning of word ex: Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers

Assonance

repetition of vowels in the middle of words ex: the sheep in the green field

Consonance

repetition of consonants at middle of words ex: Pitter Patter

Onomatopoeia

Words that sound like their meaning ex: Boom, Buzz, Bang

Personification

Giving something nonhuman characteristics of humans

Synedoche

using a part of something to represent the whole ex: “Nice Wheels”

Metaphor

comparing something without like or as

Simile

comparing two things using like or as

Free Verse

“Free For All,” no organization

Blank Verse

unrhymed iambic pentameter (Shakespeare)

Narrative Poetry

poem that tells a story

Ballad

Musically intense story (quatrains, ABCB)

Refrain

”Like a Chorus”; repeated lines

Sensory Details/Imagery

words that bring out 5 senses

Juxtaposition

two or more contrasting elements side-by-side

Structure of a sonnet

one stanza long, made of 14 lines

Purpose of a Sonnet

present two differing things to show something significant about them

Structure of Italian Sonnet

First 8 lines - octave; rhymes abba, abba

Last 6 lines - Sestet; can have 2 or 3 rhyming sounds, cdcdcd, etc.

What is the one thing you cannot do in Italian sonnets?

Make the last two lines a couplet, as Petrarch never did this

Structure of Spenserian sonnet

Divided into 3 quatrains and a couplet, quatrain rhyme scheme “spills over.” created by Edmund Spenser, used in Faerie Queene

Structure of Shakespearian sonnet

Divided into 3 quatrains and and a couplet, simplest form - abab, cdcd, efef, gg; - puts turn in Line 9