Greek History Final

Thucydides Trap (TT)

When you have an established power that is scared of an upcoming power

Grahm T Allison

Does not think war is innevitable, until you step into the TT

Epidamnus

(435) Had problems inside, sent to corcyra, they didnt help and then went to Corinth, Suddenly both helped

Corcyra

(433) Tyrn to Athens to get help fighting Corinth

Potidaea

(432) Wall

Battle of Sybota

(433) Corinth VS Corcyra and Athens, both claim victory

Peloponnesian League

(506) Sparta Corinth Alliance/ people of the league are mostly oligarchys. (Sparta wanted to reinstate Hipias by War, Corinth found out and stopped them)

Archidamian War

Spartan invasians that dont work diverse theaters of war

Peace Of Nicias

named after the chief Athenian negotiator, was a treaty of mutual defense between Athens and Sparta in which they each agreed to defend each other for the next fifty years!

Sicilian Expedition

Athens try to invade Sicily and fail

Decelean War

Take a town, build a fort and stay (Sparta did this)

Rule of the Thirty

Spartens win, put a puppet Gov, 30 tight committy making decisions

Desired End State

Smaller to no delian league

Theory of Victory

How stratagy goes to end state

Themistoclean Wall

Wall around the actual city

Long Walls

Form the outer walls defending the trade route

Phaleron

Used as Athens port

Piraeus

More natural Harbors

Middle Wall

Protects Piraeus

Mytilene

(428-427) Responsible for the revolts, has ties to sparta and played a significant role in the Peloponnesian War, leading to a controversial decision regarding its punishment.

Pylos

A strategic coastal town in Messenia, known for its role in the Peloponnesian War and the Athenian victory at the Battle of ______ (425)

Amphipolis

A city in northeastern Greece, significant for its strategic location and involvement in the Peloponnesian War, notably during the Battle of ____ in 422 BC.

Cleon

Speaker at talks. “Kill them all”. Says that democracy has a hard time keeping a choicewhen faced with difficult decisions regarding war and peace.

Brasidas

A Spartan general known for his military prowess during the Peloponnesian War, particularly at the Battle of Amphipolis.

Argive league

A confederation of city-states in ancient Greece formed to counter Spartan dominance, particularly active during the Peloponnesian War.

Alcibiades

A prominent Athenian statesman, orator, and general during the Peloponnesian War, known for his shifting allegiances between Athens, Sparta, and Persia. exiled for his controversial actions and decisions.

Mantinea

(418) a significant battle in the Peloponnesian War where the Spartans defeated the Argive alliance, solidifying Spartan dominance in the region.

Melos

(416) All men dead, women and children sold into slavery after the Athenian siege. This event highlighted the brutal nature of Athenian imperialism during the war.

Mytilenian Debate

A pivotal discussion in Athens regarding the fate of the Mytilenians after their revolt against Athenian rule, illustrating the tensions between justice and practicality in wartime decisions.

Melian Dialogue

2 mytilene groups trying to decide to kill all of Melos' inhabitants or spare them. It reflects the harsh realities of power politics and moral dilemmas faced by states in conflict.

Syntierarchy

Groups of rich people put together to pay taxes

Hetairia

“Club” group of companions

Probouloi

Runs the buisness of the Boule (10 for the 10 tribes) able to ajust the laws

lysander

Saparten Navarch, great at building up their fleet and leading naval battles during the Peloponnesian War.

Navarch

A naval commander in ancient Greece, particularly in charge of a fleet.

Harmost

A Spartan governor or military commander appointed to oversee a city or region, often following its conquest.

Critias

The WORST, Gets called Chief of the 30

Decarchy

Community of 10 men, these are atheneans

Phyle

(404) Athenean mountain town, Builds a for t for the rich

Thrasybulus

Goes into exile and builds the fort in Phyle

Amnesty

(403) Counter revolution, takes over the Port

Four Hundred

(411) Atheneans are convinced to vote 400 men into poower who selects who gets to vote. (3rd poorest and up can vote)

Battle of Arginase

(406) Athenean Win

Battle of Aegospotami

(405) Athens loss, mismanagement lost them the battle.

daimonion

Little voice in socratese’s head telling him whats right and wrong

Se nihil scire

Know to know nothing

Dialectic

Style of socrates’s sppech

Elenchas

insult

Eidos

Form

Eudaimonia

The good life

Corinthian War (395-386)

A conflict between Sparta and a coalition of other Greek city-states, including Athens and Thebes, over control and influence in Greece.

Kings Peace 386

A treaty that ended the Corinthian War, establishing peace and reaffirming Spartan dominance in Greece.

Boeotian league

A coalition of city-states in ancient Greece, centered around Boeotia, that opposed Spartan hegemony and played a significant role in various conflicts, including the Corinthian War.

Thebes

Part of the BL, Big, Doesnt do what athens does, rather than swalloing other towns, they build a large allience like the FED GOV

Epaminondas

Refused to swear by his city, swore to the BL

Battle of Lecatra 371

Sparta go to war because the boetians would not split (B wins, Sparta never recover)

Battle of Mantinea 362

A significant battle where Thebes faced Sparta and its allies, resulting in a costly victory for Thebes but leading to the decline of Theban power.

Sacred Band

Eliet forces (300) Gay adult and teenage couples

Macedon

(living in the past and no walls) Lots of resources and controlled mostly by rich

Philip II

Operating as a great king of Homer, Tobecome leading figure and stops 3rd sacred war

Battle of Chaeronea 338

Athens and Thebes VS Philip and Alaxander

League of Corinth

Everyone except sparta

Sarissa

Long Spear

Peltast

Light and fast soldier, throws spears