Modern Dental Assisting Chapter 7

What are the two divisions of the skeleton?

axial and appendicular

what is the connective tissue that covers all the bones?

Periosteum

What are the types of bones and what are their functions?

Compact bones: also known as cortical bone.

Cancellous bone: also known as spongy bone.

Where cartilage found?

where bones join together

Articulation is another term for what structure?

Joints

what are the three types of muscle tissue?

Striated

Smooth

Cardiac

What distinguishes the appearance of each muscle?

Dark light band

None bands

Both bands

What are four disorders of the muscular system?

Contusions

Strain

Progressive

Sprain

What are the two primary functions of the circulatory system?

Transports oxygen and nutrients to the body cells. Regulates body temperature

What are the upper and lower chambers of the heart?

Atrial and Ventricles

What are the names and functions of the three main types of blood vessels?

Arteries, veins, capillaries

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?

Contributes to the immune system and destroys harmful organism

What structures make up the lymphatic system?

Lymph vessels, nodes, fluids, lymphoid organs

What two system make up the nervous system?

Central and Peripheral

What are the two division of the autonomic nervous system?

sympathetic and parasympathetic

What are the two types of neurons, as categorized according to functions?

Sensory, Motor, Associative

What is the function of the respiratory system?

delivers oxygen to the millions of cells and removes carbon dioxide outside the body

What is the role of the digestive system?

Provides the body with nutrients and electrolytes

What are the five actions of the digestive system?

ingestion, digestion,. movement, absorption, elimination

What is the primary function of the endocrine system?

regulates body activities through hormones

What is the primary function of the urinary system?

maintain fluid volume and the composition of body fluids

What the function of the skin?

regulates body temperature, barrier from bacteria, exerts fluids and salts, provides sensitivity to touch

What are the appendages of the skin?

hair, nails, glands

Plasma

A straw-colored fluid that transports nutrients, hormones, and waste products.

Red Blood Cells

Cells that contain the blood protein hemoglobin, which plays an essential role in oxygen transport; also known as erythrocytes.

Sebaceous Glands

Oil glands that keep the hair and skin soft and are associated with sex hormones.

Sharpey's Fibers

Tissues that anchor the periosteum to the bone.

Surdoriferous Glands

Sweat glands that are widely distributed over the body and provide heat regulation.

Veins

Blood vessels that carry blood to the heart.

White Blood Cells

Cells that have the primary function of fighting disease in the body; also known as leukocytes.

The skeleton system id divided into axial and __________________ sections?

Appendicular

What is the connective tissues that covers all bones is ?

Periosteum

What are the two types of bone ?

Compact and Cancellous

Where is cartilage found?

Where bones join together

What is another word for articulation?

Joint

Which of the following is/are of muscle tissue?

Striated, Smooth, and Cardiac

Which muscle is strained in appearance but resembles smooth muscle in action?

Cardiac

What is a function of circulatory system ?

To transport nutrients and oxygen to body cells and to regulate body temperature and chemical stability.

What is the heart chambers consist of the ?

Atria and Ventricles

Which of the following is/are functions(s) of the blood vessel?

To carry blood away from the heart, to connect the arterial and venous system, to carry blood toward the heart.

What are the primary function of the lymph system is ?

To destroy harmful microorganisms

What tissue makes up lymph system ?

Lymph Vessels, Lymph Nodes, and Lymph Fluid

What system make up the nervous system?

Central nervous system and Peripheral nervous system.

The autonomic nervous system is divided into the Parasympathetic and ________________________ nervous.

Sympathetic

The type of neuron that carries impulses toward the brain and spinal cord is?

Sensory

The main function of the respiratory system is ?

To deliver oxygen to the body.

Which of the following is the role of the digestive system?

To provide nutrition for the for the body.

Which would not be action of the digestive system ?

Sensory function

What is the primary function of the endocrine system?

To regulate the body's activities with hormones

What is the primary function of the urinary system?

To form and eliminate urine

Which body system includes the skin ?

Integumentary

Which of the following is an example of the appendage?

Hair, Nails, Glands.

The outer surface of bone is covered with?

Periosteum

A ring of protective lymphoid tissue located in the upper portions of the nose and throat is formed by which structure?

Tonsils

Body spicules in cancellous bone that form a meshwork of intercommunicating spaces filled with bone marrow are?

trabeculae

The portion of the skeleton that consists of the skull, spinal column, ribs, sternum,is the ?

Axial

The lighter bone found in the interior of the bones is called?

Cancellous

The double-walled sac that encloses the heart is the ?

Pericardium

The integumentary system is the ?

Skin system

What type of bone marrow is found in cancellous bone ?

Red bone marrow

Movable joints of the body are called ?

Synovial joints

Striated muscles are also known as?

Skeletal muscles and Voluntary muscles

The straw-colored fluid that transports nutrients, hormones, and waste products is?

Plasma

The structures of lymphatic system include ?

Lymph vessels, nodes, fluid,and organs

The nervous system is composed of the ?

Central nervous system (CNS) & Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

The neurons that emerge from the skin or sense organs and carry impulses toward the brain and spinal cord are the ?

Sensory Neurons

The space between two neurons or between a neuron and a receptor organ is the ?

Synapse

The nose divided by a wall of cartilage called the ?

Nasal Septum

The tube like structure, approximately 10 inches in length, that transports food from the pharynx to the stomach is the?

Esophagus

What extends from the stomach to the first part of the large intestine?

Small Intestine

When the blood sugar is low, what converts the glycogen and releases it for use by the body?

Liver

The endocrine glands include the ?

Thyroid, parathyroid, pituitary, and pancreas

Oil glands that keep the hair and skin soft are ?

Sebaceous

Cells that form bone are?

Osteoblasts

The outer layer of the bone is the ?

Periosteum

An inflammation of the joint is ?

Arthritis

What system does teeth belong to?

Digestive System

Another name for nostrils is ?

Nares

Immediately prior to air reaching the throat , it passes through the ?

Pharynx

The musculofibrous tube that connects the nasal and oral cavities to the larynx and esophagus is the?

Pharynx

What prevents food from entering the lungs during swallowing?

Epiglottis