all of physics definations and laws

gravitational potential

amount of workdone in bringing unit mass from infinity to a point of gravitational field

coulomb’s law

any two point charge that exert electrical force on eachother which is directly proportional to product of their charges and inversely proportional to square of their seperation

amplitude

maximum displacement of oscillating particle from equilibrium on either direction

magnetic flux

product of magnetic flux density and the cross sectional area perpendicular to direction of magnetic flux density

simple harmonic motion

its a periodic motion where net force is directly proportional to displacement from equilibrium and net force is always directed towards equilibrium

specific heat capacity

thermal energy required by unit mass to increase it’s temperature by 1 degree celsius or 1 kelvin

radian

angle subtended at centre by an arc which has equal length as radius

electro motive force (emf)

rate of change of magnetic flux linkage through a conductor

newton’s law of gravitation

any two point mass attract repel each other by a gravitational force which is directly proportional to product of their masses and inversely proportional to square of their separation

damped oscillation

oscillation of particle where total energy decreases gradually (as external forces are acting) and amplitude decreases exponentially

internal energy

sum of random kinetic energy and potential energy of all molecules

electric field

amount of electric force experienced by unit positive charge at a point of field

gravitational field strength

gravitational force experienced per unit mass at a point of field

magnetic flux density

amount of force experienced per unit length of conductor which is carrying unit current perpendicularly with the magnetic field

specific latent heat

thermal energy required by unit mass to change state at constant temperature

lenz’s law

induced emf/ current will always create an effect that opposes change in magnetic flux linkage

magnetic flux linkage

product of no. of turns in a coil and magnetic flux through each turn of the coil

resonance

when applied frequency is equal to natural frequency of a particle, then particle will vibrate with maximum amplitude

angular displacement

angle subtended at centre that is swept out by radius

faraday’s law of em induction

magnitude of induced emf is directly proportional to rate of change of magnetic flux linkage through conductor

smoothing

reducing vibration in the DC output by using capacitor

electric potential

amount of workdone in bringing unit positive small test charge from infinity to a point of electric field

hall probe

its used to measure magnetic flux density of a magnetic field

1st law of thermodynamics

increase/decrease in internal energy of a system is equal to sum of thermal energy supplied to/by the system and workdone on/by the system

magnetic field

region around any magnet or current carrying conductor where other magnets experience force

capacitor

its an electrical component which stores electrical energy by seperating charges

electromagnetic induction

when magnetic flux density changes through conductor.

rectification

the process of converting Alternating Current (ac) to Direct Current (dc)