Tissues and Integumentary System

These flashcards cover key vocabulary related to the structures and functions of tissues, particularly epithelial and connective tissues, as well as the integumentary system.

Epithelial tissue

Covers exposed surfaces, lines internal passageways and chambers, and produces glandular secretions.

Glandular secretion

The process where epithelial cells produce substances like hormones or mucus.

Avascular

Lacking a direct blood supply but still innervated.

Microvilli

Finger-like extensions on apical surfaces that increase surface area for absorption.

Cilia

Longer cytoplasmic extensions found on epithelial cells that move substances across cell surfaces.

Simple epithelium

A single layer of cells that allows for absorption and diffusion.

Stratified epithelium

Multiple layers of cells that provide protection against abrasion.

Keratinized

Referring to epithelial cells that contain keratin, making them tougher and water-resistant.

Endocrine glands

Glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Exocrine glands

Glands that secrete their products into ducts that lead to the surface of the body.

Merocrine secretion

Glandular secretion where products are released via exocytosis.

Apocrine secretion

Glandular secretion where a portion of the cell is pinched off with the secretory product.

Holocrine secretion

Glandular secretion where the entire cell disintegrates to release its contents.

Chondrocytes

Cells found in cartilage tissue that produce the extracellular matrix.

Osteocytes

Mature bone cells that maintain the bone matrix.

Lymph

Fluid that enters lymphatic vessels, formed from interstitial fluid.

Regenerative capacity

The ability of epithelial and connective tissues to undergo mitosis for repair and regeneration.

Prostaglandins

Hormone-like substances that mediate inflammation and immune responses.

Fibroblasts

Cells that secrete new collagen fibers to support the tissue matrix during healing.

Hyperemia

Increased blood flow to an area, often part of the inflammatory response.

Dermis

The layer of skin below the epidermis, containing connective tissue, blood vessels, and nerve endings.

Hypodermis

Subcutaneous layer composed of adipose tissue and connective tissues, insulating the body.