Biology Pig Fetus Exam

hard and soft pallet

separates nasal passage from oral cavity

epiglottis and glottis

glottis leads to the trachea, epiglottis covers it

trachea

for the few of air into the lungs

larynx

voice box. creates vibrations for sound and is located above the trachea.

esophagus

connects the throat to the stomach for food

thymus glands

part of the immune system, behind the larynx

thyroid

regulates metabolism, posterior to the larynx

pleural cavities

the area containing the lungs

bronchi

connects the trachea to the lungs

pericardial cavity

the space surrounding the heart

diaphragm

aids in respiration by contracting and relaxing

peritoneum

the membrane lining the abdominal cavity

mesenteries

folds of peritoneum that attach the intestines to the abdominal wall

liver

for processing nutrients, making bile, destroying red blood cells and processing glucose

spleen

filters blood, located on the underside of the stomach

pancreas

located behind the stomach and produces digestive enzymes

small and large intestine

small intestine: nutrient absorption

large intestine: water absorption

cecum, rectum and anus

cecum: absorbs fluids and salts, rectum: stores feces, anus: expels feces

left atrium

receives oxygenated blood from the lungs

left ventricle

pumps oxygenated blood to the body

right atrium

receives unoxygenated blood from the body

right ventricle

pumps unoxygenated blood to the lungs

coronary arteries and veins

supply oxygen and nutrients to the heart

foraman ovale

closes after birth and is used to supply blood to the fetus

ductus arteriosus

only in a fetus, connects fetal pulmonary artery to the aorta

aortic arch

distributes blood to the head and upper region

anterior and posterior vena cava

carries deoxygenated blood from the rest of the body to be poured into the right atrium

brachiocephalic artery

supplies oxygenated blood to the head region

subclavian arteries

move oxygenated blood to the upper body

carotid arteries

supplies blood to the neck and head. near the jugular veins and trachea

jugular veins

supply blood from the brain back to the heart

descending aorta

what the aorta is termed once it passes the diaphragm- carrying blood to the lower body

renal arteries

carry blood to the kidneys

iliac

where the descending aorta terminates

umbilical arteries and veins

supply blood to the fetus

kidneys

filter blood to start making urine

ureters

carry nitrogenous waste to the urinary bladder from the kidneys

urinary bladder

stores urine

urethra

the urethra excretes urine after passing through the urogenital sinus

uterine horns

support sperm transportation to the ovaries

ovaries

produce eggs

uterus

where the uterine horns connects, the place for fetal growth

vagina

located behind the rectum

testes

make sperm

epididymis

the coiled tubule around the testes that store sperm

vas deferens

carries sperm to the urethra, long, thin tubules.

inguinal canal

where the scrotal sacs connect to the body, connects to the vas deferens

seminal vesicles

found on each side of the prostate gland, producing semen

prostate gland

creates fluid for semen

bulbourethral glands

produce pre-semen, located laterally back from the anus

penis

excretes semen and urine

Trace a drop of blood through the circulatory system, starting at the right atrium

deoxygenated blood in the right atrium travels to the right ventricle, where it is pumped from to the pulmonary arteries to be oxygenated in the lungs where it then goes to the left atrium to be pumped into the left ventricle which pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body through the aorta.

Trace the pathway of urine from the kidney to the urogenital opening

urine is produced in the kidneys, through the ureters, stored in the bladder and goes through the urethra which excretes urine through the urogenital opening

Trace the pathway of sperm from the testes to the urogenital opening

sperm is produced in the testes, sorted in the epididymis, propelled along the vas deferens to the urethra and as sperm moves out of the body, the prostate gland, seminal vesicles and nulbourethral gland add other secretions. It is then ejected out of the urogenital opening.