Past and Present

Homing, Context:

.Homing, 21st Century, Black Country, strong regional accent and industrial history like coal mining

Homing, Form(3):

. 5 equal stanzas of 5 lines

. Free verse and enjambment

. Personal pronouns: "You","I"

Homing, Form Quotations(3):

. "you kept your accent" - direct address to person

. "I loved" - appreciation contrasts teachers view

. "jemmied open to let years of lost words spill out" - enjambment shows words spilling over

Homing, Structure:

. Starts as an exploration of the persons attempt to hide their dialect and moves on to narrator's pride in their heritage

Homing, Structure Quotations:

. Anaphora of "I wanted" to show yearn for connection

Homing, Dialect(2):

. Contains many dialect words to give a voice to a part of the person that they themselves had been forced to hide

. Rickness of dialect words contrast dull normal words enforced by elocution lessons

Homing, Dialect Quotations(5):

. dull assonance of "how now brown cow"

. vivid image of "saft or blart"

. strong vibrant "g's that rang" like celebration

. "bibble, fittle, tay, wum" -unfamiliar to us, intimacy

. "lick, swallow" - physicality, nourishment

Homing, Industrial Language(2):

. poet emphasises link between dialect and black country's industrial heritage

. hints that subjects voices can be recreated and link to local history can form a key part of identity

Homing, Industrial Language Quotations(3):

. link between dialect and industrial past - "vowels ferrous as nails", "consonants you could lick the coal from"

. onomatopoeia of "thunking and clanging"

. recreation of voice in "forge" and "blacksmiths furnace"

Homing, Contrasts of Freedom and Constraint:

. images of person's voice being hidden away contrast narrator's desire to free the persons voice

Homing, Contrasts of Freedom and Constraint Quotations():

. Alliteration of "box beneath the bed" shows how hidden away and long time from "lock rusted shut"

. violence used "teacher's ruler across your legs"

. will of own to escape, "we heard it escape"

. lively innate ability, "send your words, like pigeons, fluttering"

Homing, Feelings and Attitudes(3):

. Longing - direct address and repetition of "I wanted" show longing of reclaiming connection with absent person and lost dialect

. Prejudice - harsh elocution lessons suggest inferiority of some accents

. Pride - narrator wants to "shout" these local words "from the roofs"

Homing, Extra Quotations:

. "home" - importance

. grieving as "clearing your house"

A century later, Context(4):

. Imtiaz Dharker, Pakistani, lives in Britain and India, brought up in Glasgow

. Writes identity and human strength over adversity topic

. 2014, response 100 years after WW1 war to "Anthem for Doomed Youth"-Wilfred Owen, speaks on brutality of war on young soldiers

. references Malala Youzafzai

A century later, Form:

. free verse, alternates between quatrains and couplets, power imbalance

. Caesurae and end stopping disrupts flow of lines whole enjambment creates momentum like girls fight

A century later, Form Quotations:

A century later, Structure:

. Focus on one girls experience at start to more girls standing up to fight in final stanza, becoming collective effort

A century later, Structure Quotations:

A century later, Military Language:

. descriptio

A century later, Military Language Quotations:

A century later, Natural Imagery:

A century later, Natural Imagery Quotations:

A century later, Innocence and Normality:

A century later, Innocence and Normality Quotations:

A century later, Feelings and Attitudes: