Upper Extremity muscles

includes origin, insertions, and actions

Latissimus dorsi

Origin: Thoracic & lumbar vertebra, sacrum & Iliac crest

Insertion: Humerus

Action: Shoulder adduction, extension, and internal rotation.

Pectoralis major

Origin: Medial clavicle & sternum

Insertion: Humerus

Action: Shoulder adduction, flexion, and internal rotation.

Coracobrachialis

Origin: Coracoid process

Insertion: Humerus

Action: shoulder Flexion

Supraspinatus

Origin: supraspinous fossa

Insertion: humerus

Action: shoulder medial rotation and abduction

Infraspinatus

Origin: infraspinous fossa

Insertion: humerus

Action: shoulder abduction and external rotation.

Subscapularis

Origin: subscapular fossa

Insertion: humerus

Action: shoulder medial rotation

Teres minor

Origin: lateral/axillary border (scapula)

Insertion: humerus

Action: shoulder external/lateral rotation

Teres major (little helper to latissimus dorsi)

Origin: n/a

Insertion: n/a

Action: shoulder lateral/external rotation

Deltoid

Origin: lateral clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula

Insertion: deltoid tuberosity

Action: shoulder abduction, anterior: flexion & medial rotation, posterior: extension & lateral rotation

Triceps brachii (lateral head)

Origin: lateral humerus

Insertion: olecranon process

Action: extension of elbow

Triceps brachii (medial head)

Origin: medial humerus

Insertion: olecranon process

Action: extension of elbow

Triceps brachii (long head)

Origin: scapula

Insertion: olecranon process

Action: extension of elbow, extends shoulder

Biceps brachii (short head)

Origin: coracoid process

Insertion: radial tuberosity

Action: flexion of shoulder, flexion of elbow

Biceps brachii (long head)

Origin: scapula

Insertion: radial tuberosity

Action: flexion of shoulder, flexion of elbow

Brachialis

Origin: n/a

Insertion: n/a

Action: flexion of elbow

Brachioradialis

Origin: n/a

Insertion: n/a

Action: flexion of elbow

Pronator teres

Origin: n/a

Insertion: n/a

Action: pronates elbow

flexor carpi radialis

Origin: n/a

Insertion: n/a

Action: flexion & abduction of wrist

flexor carpi ulnaris

Origin: n/a

Insertion: n/a

Action: flexion & adduction of wrist

Palmaris longus

Origin: n/a

Insertion: n/a

Action: flexion of wrist

Extensor digitorium

Origin: n/a

Insertion: n/a

Action: extension of wrist

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Origin: n/a

Insertion: n/a

Action: extension & abduction at wrist

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Origin: n/a

Insertion: n/a

Action: extension & abduction at wrist

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Origin: n/a

Insertion: n/a

Action: extension & adduction at wrist