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controversy

a strong public disagreement between groups

democracy

a form of government in which citizens have the right to vote

dramatic

great and sudden

embrace

to eagerly accept something

instantly

immediately

obsessed

thinking or worrying about something too much

profound

having a strong influence or effect

relevant

relating to something being discussed or considered

represent

to show what something is like

tremendous

great

enrich

to improve or make better

expectation

a belief that someone will or should achieve something

overcome

to successfully deal with a problem

portrait

a painting, drawing, or photograph of a person

project

to display an emotion to others

sincere

honest; not pretending or lying

teamwork

a situation in which people work together

thus

therefore

tuition

payment for instruction, especially in a college or university

turn out

to happen in a particular way

astonishing

very surprising

countless

very high in number

descend

to go down

disturb

to move something or to affect it in some way

factor

something that affects a result

flash

to shine suddenly and brightly for a short time

invisible

unable to be seen

layer

a thin sheet of a substance

predator

an animal that kills and eats other animals

transparent

able to be seen through

absurd

very strange

bounce

to hit a surface and then move away from it

breed

to mate and have babies

commence

to begin

evolution

the way in which living things change and develop over time

harsh

cruel or severe

noble

having fine personal qualities or appearance

prominently

in a very noticeable way

ritual

a ceremony that is always performed in the same way

undergo

to experience something necessary or unpleasant

compulsory

required by law or a rule

confine

to keep within a certain area

contaminate

to make something dirty or harmful because of dirt, chemicals, or radiation

determine

to discover the facts or truth about something

digestion

the body’s system of breaking down food

feasible

possible; able to be done

infect

to affect with disease-producing germs

integral

being an essential part of something

nationwide

happening or existing in all parts of a country

optimistic

hopeful and confident about the future

allergic

having a medical condition in which you become ill if you eat or touch a particular substance

alternative

something you choose instead of something else

conventional

usual or normal; in line with traditional ways of thinking

deficiency

a lack or shortage of something

diminish

to become smaller in size or importance

modify

to make small changes to something to make it better

notwithstanding

in spite of

nutritional

relating to food that is good for health

revolution

a complete change in ways of thinking or working

trait

a particular quality or characteristic of something

chronic

continuing as a problem for a long time

elderly

aged or old

epidemic

a widespread outbreak of an infectious disease

homogeneous

consisting of things that are of the same type

immune

not affected by something, particularly a disease

lifespan

the length of time something lives

mandatory

required by law or rule

pass down

to give to the next generation

relocate

to move to a new place

slightly

a little

barely

only just

discourage

to persuade someone not to do something

forbid

to not allow someone to do something

guideline

a general rule or piece of advice

industrious

hard-working; not lazy

ironically

in a way that is odd because it is the opposite of what one might think

lean

low in fat

longevity

a long individual life

privilege

a benefit that is given to some people and not to others

relieve

to reduce someone’s pain or unpleasant feelings

consumption

the action of using up a resource

crisis

a difficult or dangerous situation that must be dealt with quickly

dedication

the act of giving a lot of time and energy to something

divert

to change the direction in which something travels

extent

how large, important, or serious something is

inherit

to receive from a predecessor

related to

connected with

shortage

a situation in which there is not enough of something

surpass

to go beyond; to exceed

whereby

by which

discard

to throw away

distressing

unpleasant and upsetting

hazardous

involving risk or danger

infrastructure

the systems and structures needed for a region to work properly

notify

to tell someone about something

obsolete

no longer useful

pile

a group of things that are put one on top of another

substance

a particular kind of material

toxic

poisonous; harmful to a person

transition

to change gradually