chapter 1 + 2

based of lecture slides + text book

what is the root of a word

foundation of the word

what is the suffix of a word

word ending

what is a combining vowel

links the root to the suffix OR root to another root

what makes up the combining form

root + combining vowel

what is the prefix of a word

small part attached to the beginning of a term

encephal/o

brain

cerebr/o

cerebrum

crani/o

• cranium

• skull

cardi/o

heart

angi/o

vessel

pulmon/o

lung

gastr/o

stomach

col/o OR colon/o

colon

nephr/o OR ren/o

kidney

cyst/o

• urinary bladder

• cyst

• sac of fluid

aden/o

gland

oste/o

bone

arthr/o

joint

dermat/o

skin

my/o

muscle

cyt/o

cell

carcin/o

cancer/cancerous

albin/o

white

anthrac/o

black

chlor/o

green

cirrh/o

tawny yellow

cyan/o

blue

eosin/o

rosy

erythr/o

red

jaund/o

yellow

leuk/o

white

lute/o

yellow

melan/o

black

poli/o

gray

xanth/o

yellow

prefixes come ____ the ______

before; word root

prefixes are always spelled with a ______ at the end

hyphen (-)

uni-

one

bi-

two; twice

tri-

three

quadri-

four

hemi-, semi-

half

multi-, poly-

many; much

pan-

all

a-, an-

• without

• not

• no

in-

not

anti-, contra-

against

de-

• lack of

• less

dys-

• painful

• bad

• difficult

• abnormal

mal-

• ill

• bad

eu-

• good

• normal

hyper-

• above

• excessive

hypo-

• deficient

• below

• under

brady-

slow

tachy-

fast

neo-

• new

• recent

syn-, sym-

• union

• together

mega-, macro-

large

micro-

small

per-

• throughout

• completely

pre-

before

post-

• after

• behind

meta-

• after

• subsequent to

peri-

surrounding

ab-

away from

ad-

toward

trans-

• across

• through

ex-

• out

• away from

ecto-, exo-

out

en-, endo-

• in

• within

sym-, syn-

• together

• within

inter-

between

intra-

• within

• into

sub-, infra-

• below

• under

supra-

• above

• upper

-ic, -ac, -al

pertaining to

-ist

specialist

-logy

• study

• process of

-oid

resembling

-ole

small

-genesis

• forming

• producing

-genic

• produced by/in

• genes

-ium

• tissue

• structure

-ism , -ia, -y

condition

-osis

• condition

• usually abnormal

-algia

pain

-emia

blood condition

-itis

inflammation

-megaly

enlargement

-malacia

softening

-oma

tumor

-pathy

disease

-rrhea

• flow

• discharge

-genic

• producing

• genes

-centesis

surgical puncture to remove fluid

-stomy

new opening (to form a mouth)

-tomy

process of cutting

-ectomy

• excision

• removal

-plasty

surgical repair

-rrhaphy

suture