Benign Mesenchymal Tumors Flashcards

Flashcards for reviewing lecture notes on benign mesenchymal tumors.

Lipoma

Benign tumor of adipose tissue, commonly found in subcutaneous tissue, shoulders, neck, back, and buttocks.

Fibroma

Uncommon benign tumor of fibrous tissue found in the dermis, subcutaneous tissue, ovaries, GIT wall, and bone.

Chondroma

Benign tumor of cartilage, occurring within bone (enchondroma) or on the surface (subperiosteal chondroma).

Osteochondroma (Exostosis)

Developmental tumor-like abnormality arising from the epiphyseal cartilage of long bones.

Osteoid Osteoma

Benign bone tumor commonly found in the cortex of the femur and tibia, characterized by nocturnal pain relieved by aspirin.

Compact Osteoma (Ivory Osteoma)

Benign tumor arising in the membranous bones of the skull, presenting as a hard, ivory-like mass.

Myxoma

Rare benign tumor arising from remnants of primitive mesenchyme, commonly found in the heart and jaw.

Leiomyoma

Benign tumor of smooth muscle, commonly found in the uterus and is estrogen-dependent.

Rhabdomyoma

Extremely rare benign tumor of striated muscles, typically found in the heart.

Angiomas

Benign, unencapsulated lesions composed of vascular spaces filled with blood (hemangioma) or lymph (lymphangioma); congenital tumor-like malformations.

Capillary Hemangioma

Small vascular spaces lined by endothelium containing blood and separated by stroma, commonly found on the skin (face) and mucous membranes.

Cavernous Hemangioma

Wide vascular spaces lined by endothelium, filled with blood and separated by stroma; found on skin, mucous membranes, and organs like the liver and spleen.

Lymphangioma

Benign tumor/hamartomatous lesion of lymphatic vessels, found on the skin of the head, neck, and axilla, as well as mucous membranes and viscera.

Schwannoma

Tumor arising from Schwann cells, typically a capsulated, firm mass on one side of a cranial or spinal nerve.

Neurofibroma

Hamartomatous malformation of nerves, appearing as a fusiform swelling composed of nerve fibers and Schwann cells.

Meningioma

Benign tumor of the meninges, composed of spindle cells arranged in whorls, commonly attached to the dura.

Glomus Tumor (Paraganglioma)

Benign, slow-growing tumor arising from glomus bodies, typically found in the fingers or toes.

Papilloma

Benign epithelial tumor growing on the surface epithelium, characterized by finger-like fronds; commonly found on the skin, tongue, and larynx.

Adenoma

Benign epithelial tumor with glandular differentiation, forming recognizable glandular structures or derived from glands.

Cystadenoma

Benign adenoma with large cystic spaces; commonly found in the ovaries.

Polyp

Tumor-like growth projecting from a mucosal surface, can be neoplastic (adenomatous polyp) or non-neoplastic (inflammatory polyp).

Teratoma

Special type of neoplasm containing tissues from all three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm); commonly found in the ovaries and testes.

Mature Teratoma (Dermoid Cyst)

Benign teratoma composed of well-differentiated tissues, most commonly cystic and containing skin, hair, and sebaceous glands.

Bronchial Adenoma (Carcinoid Tumor)

Benign well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor arising in the bronchi, often secreting hormones.

Odontogenic

Odontogenic

Pertaining to the development of teeth.

Ameloblastoma

Benign tumor of odontogenic epithelium resembling the enamel organ; typically multilocular and expansile, commonly found in the mandible.

Odontoma

Most common odontogenic tumor, representing a hamartoma rather than a true neoplasm, composed of enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp tissue.

Compound Odontoma

Odontoma that exhibits well-formed tooth-like structures.

Complex Odontoma

Odontoma that consists