Genetics/Punnett Squares

Genetics

Scientific study of heredity

Heredity

(inheritance) passing on of genetic characteristics.

allele

one of  the forms / options of a gene.

gene

area of a chromosome that codes for a characteristic

genome

collection of ALL of an organism’s genes

genotype

The list  of alleles you have for a gene

phenotype

“appearance” / expression of the physical trait.

Heterozygous

– the alleles are different cases. (upper / lower case)

homozygous

both alleles have the SAME dominance / case (Upper/lower case)

recessive allele

lowercase letter

dominant allele

uppercase letter

carrier

Heterozygote FOR A DISEASE OR DISORDER. They DO NOT have the disorder themselves

wild type

most common in the wild (population). Usually it is the dominant phenotype.

incomplete dominance

The Heterozygote has a mixed or blended phenotype. 

co dominance

Heterozygote where both Alleles show up but do not mix

multiple alleles

type of genetics where there are more than 2 alleles called