Therapeutic Exercise Final

Mobilization

A passive movement performed by the clinician at a speed slow enough that the pt can stop the movement; the technique may be applied with an oscillatory motion or a stretch intended to decrease pain and/or increase joint mobility

Stretching

A therapeutic technique sued to lengthen shortened soft-tissue structures with the resultant increase in ROM

Sellar Joint

One surface is concave in one direction and convex in the other, with the opposing surface is convex and concave respectively

Physiological Motions

Motions that the pt can do voluntarily- such as flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotations

Active ROM

Movement within the unrestricted ROM for a segment that is produced by an active contraction of the muscle crossing the joint

Flexibility

The ability of soft tissues to relax and yield to a stretching force

Glide

The same point on 1 surface comes into contact with new points on the opposing surface

Traction/Distraction

Separation of the joint surfaces

Active Assistive ROM

A type of active ROM in which assistance is provided by an outside force, either manually or mechanically because the prime mover muscles need assistance to complete the motion

Roll

New points on 1 surface meet new points on the opposing surface

Range of Motion

The amount of available motion in a joint

Contracture

A shortening of the muscles and/or other soft tissues that surround the joint, which results in a limitation of joint ROM

Accessory Motions

Movements within the joint and surrounding tissues that are necessary for normal range of motion but that cannot be performed by the pt

Ovoid Joint

One surface is convex while the other concave

The proper pt evaluation and program development sequence is as follows:

Assess the needs of the pt—develop the treatment plan—implement the treatment plan—re-assess pt needs

The goals of therapeutic exercise include all of the following except:

Increase effusion/edema

In regards to recording the results of a range of motion assessment of the ankle, which of the following is considered the most appropriate documentation?

Right ankle dorsiflexion AROM = 0-20

When assessing the needs of the pt, which of the following is not considered to be objective data?

Pt report of numbness

Which of the following answers is incorrect regarding the indications for active ROM?

Inhibit neuromuscular feedback from the contracting muscles

T/F: The ultimate goal of a therapeutic exercise program is the achievement of an optimal level of symptom free movement during basic to complex activities

True

The most accurate assessment tool(s) to measure a joints ROM is:

Goniometer/Inclinometer

Which of the following answers is incorrect regarding the indications for passive ROM?

Diminish the elasticity of the muscles

T/F: In order for a technique to be considered passive ROM (not stretching), the motion must be performed within a pain-free range and not engage in tissue resistance

True

Isotonic Exercises

A dynamic form of exercise that is carried out against a constant or variable load as a muscle lengthens (eccentric) or shortens (concentric) through the available ROM

Manual Resistance Exercises

A form of active resistance exercises in which the resistance force is applied by the clinician to either a dynamic or static muscle contraction

Isokinetic Exercises

A form of dynamic exercise in which the velocity of muscle shortening or lengthening is controlled by a rate-limiting device that controls (limits) the speed of movement of a body part

Mechanical Resistance Exercise

A form of active exercise in which resistance is applied through the use of equipment or a mechanical device

Isometric Exercise

A static form of exercise that occurs when a muscle contracts without a change in length of the muscle and/or without visible joint motion

Contraindications for stretching include all of the following except:

All the above ( when contractures are providing increased joint stability, whenever there is sharp acute pain, evidence of inflammation, bony blocks limits of joint motion)

When applying manual passive stretching techniques, the “optimal” duration and frequency the stretch is now generally accepted to be as follows:

Force is applied for 20-30 sec and repeated 4-5 times per session

T/F: If an athlete possesses the necessary strength and joint structure to hold a joint stable during functional activities, overstretching the joint can be employed to gain additional flexibility that may be needed for a particular sporting motion

True

Which grade of mobilization involves small-amplitude rhythmic oscillations performed at the beginning of the available motion, and not stressed into the tissue resistance?

Grade 1

The hip joint consists of what type of joint geometry?

Ovoid

Which of the following statements is correct regarding the Convex-Concave rule of joint motion?

Sliding is in the same direction as the angular movement of the bone if the moving surface is concave

If your goal is to primarily limit the amount of pain within a joint which grade(s) of mobilization should you choose?

Grades I-II

T/F: When a muscle contracts maximally and shortens, it cannot generate as much tension (strength) as when it contracts maximally and lengthens. In other words, a muscle is stronger when performing an eccentric contraction than when it is performing a concentric contraction

True

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding manual resistance exercises?

A form of active exercise in which resistance is applied through the use of equipment or mechanical device

Indications for resistance exercise training include all of the following except:

Increase joint mobility

T/F: Greater delayed muscle soreness often results from concentric exercise programs as compared to eccentric exercise programs

False

T/F: When using isokinetic training methods, the velocity of the movement is held constant, but the resistance level varies throughout the arc of the motion

True

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding isokinetic training?

At faster velocities, muscles generate more torque and more compressive forces on the joints

T/F: Numerous studies have shown that manual passive stretching techniques produce better outcomes than prolonged mechanical passive stretching techniques

False

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding isometric training?

Strength gains occur only when 100% maximal isometric contractions are performed

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the effect of tissue temperature on stretching of soft tissues?

The higher the temperature, the lesser the amount of deformation possible prior to failure

T/F: A muscle can generate greater tension with a maximal isometric contraction than with a maximal concentric contraction, but not as much as with a maximal eccentric contraction

True

Which type of stretching involves a slow, maintained stretching motion which does not facilitate the stretch reflex?

Static Stretch

T/F: A “myostatic contracture” results from a chronic inflammation and fibrotic changes of the soft tissue

False

Effects of joint motion include:

A,B,C (stimulates biologic activity within the joint by increasing nutrition flow, maintains extensibility and tensile strength of tissues, provides awareness of position of the joint and awareness of movement of the joint)

Examples of “joint play” motions (a form of accessory movements) include all of the following except:

Flexion

T/F: Because there is limited carry-over from one training speed to another, isokinetic exercise programs should be performed at a variety of velocities

True