Lesson 5: Rizal's Higher Education in Manila

Segunda Katigbak

Rizal's first love, a fourteen-year-old girl from Lipa, Batangas; sister of his friend Mariano Katigbak; described as "rather short, with eloquent eyes, rosy cheeks, and an enchanting smile". Love at first sight; Rizal met her during visits to his maternal grandmother and at La Concordia College (1st girl)

Miss L

A young woman in Calamba called "___" whose identity is unknown; romance suddenly ended (2nd girl)

Leonor Valenzuela

Rizal's third love during his second year in UST; he courted her through letters written in invisible ink; she was his neighbor in Intramuros (3rd girl)

Leonor Rivera

Rizal's true love during his third year in UST; his cousin from Camiling, Tarlac (HI ARIES); childhood sweetheart; She married Charles H. Kipping, a Steam Engineer in Dagupan, in June 1890 due to family persuasion (4th girl)

Taimis

Rizal’s endearment with Leonor Riveras; meaning sweet.

Philosophy and Letters

Rizal enrolled in University of Santo Tomas in April 1877 with the course _____ ; uncertain about his career path

Perito Agrimensor

Course Rizal took in Ateneo (1877–1878), equivalent to land surveying

Father Pablo Ramon

Jesuit professor at Ateneo who advised Rizal to shift to medicine at UST

Spanish Students Nicknames

Brown students called "Indio, Chongo"; Spaniards called Filipinos "Kastila, Bangus"; led to street rumbles

Compañerismo

Group founded by Rizal at UST; he was chief, his cousin Galicano Apacible was its secretary

A La Juventud Filipina

Literary contest poem submitted by Rizal at UST, meaning "To the Filipino Youth"; won first place; source of the phrase "Kabataan ang pag-asa ng Bayan."

Liceo Artistico-Literario of Manila (Literary Contest)

Competition, where Rizal submitted his poem "A La Juventud Filipina" and won first place

Rizal's grades at UST

Mostly average and above average, unlike his "Sobresaliente" grades at Ateneo; influenced by unfriendly professors

Reasons why Rizal was unhappy in UST

Hostile Dominican professors, racial discrimination, obsolete and repressive instruction, science taught without laboratory experiments

Madrid, Spain

Rizal left in 1882 after completing his fourth year and 19 subjects of his medical course due to discrimination and hostility; decided to finish medical studies in ______.