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vertebral levels of apices
T1
Why PA?
reduces heart mag
easier to remove scapulae of the lung field
better inspiration
Significance of retrotracheal space ("Raider's triangle")
When the arms are inadequately abducted, this area will be obscured and can impact the patient's diagnosis.
Respiration Guide
PA/AP = 9 full post ribs
LAT = Diaphragm inf to 11VB
When counting posterior ribs above the diaphragm on an AP/PA CXR, which side do we typically use and why?
right lung because it is shorter (due to the liver location) than the left. If the shorter lung is fully aerated, accurate inspiration has been achieved overall
Voluntary vs. Non-voluntary Motion
voluntary = breathing
involuntary = heart motion