Mr. Pearce's Chemistry

Chemistry test for Mr. Pearce Physics Class??? Idk what my teacher is teaching honestly.. btw, not sure what type of Chemistry this is.

What is Heat?

Heat is the movement of particles

What is Absolute Zero?

Absolute zero is the coldest possible temperature at which the particles stop vibrating representing a state of no heat and motion.

Absolute Zero in celsius?

-273.15 degrees celsius

Absolute Zero in Kelvin?

0 Kelvin

List 3 properties of Acids

Turns litmus into red, sour taste, neutralizes the base, PH<7, bitter taste, in most food

List 3 properties of Bases

Turns litmus into blue, neutralizes the acid, PH>7, bitter taste, reacts with oily materials, used for cleaning.

State The Law of Conservation of Mass:

Matter cannot be destroyed or created in a chemical reaction.

Why is the Law of Conservation of Mass the most important concept in chemistry?

The Law of Conservation of Mass is the most important concept in chemistry because it makes chemistry predictable. It also supports the idea that alchemy is not real and results cannot be magical and unpredictable. Additionally, just like legos shows that matter remains constant. Just as LEGO pieces stay the same even when you build something new, atoms don't disappear or appear during chemical reactions.

How did Lavoiser prove the Law of Conservation of Mass?

Lavoiser performed the experiments in an airtight sealed container where the reactions like invisible gases could not leave. Everytime he performed this, the mass was always the same before and after.

Why does each group behave similarly

Elements in the same column of the PToE have similar behavior because they have the same number of s and p subshell electrons in their outermost electron shell.

What are Group ‘1’ Elements called? Why?

Group 1 Elements are called Akali Metals because they are metals and they also turn into alkaline solution when added to water.

Why is the Atomic Mass a decimal?

The atomic mass is a decimal because it is the weighted average mass of all isotopes of an element, factoring in their relative abundances. Each isotope contributes to the decimal portion based on its abundance, resulting in a more accurate representation of the element's overall mass.

How many Electrons fit in the first four Shells?

1st Shell: 2 electrons

2nd Shell: 8 electrons

3rd Shell: 18 electrons

4th Shell: 32 electrons

2 CI bonding, This is a ______ bond. How do you know?

It is a Covalent bond because CI is a nonmetal and a covalent bond forms between two nonmetals.

Na and CI bonding, This is a _______ bond. How do you know?

It is an Ionic bond because Na is a metal and CI is a nonmetal and an Ionic bond forms between a metal and a nonmetal.

Why do atoms form chemical bonds?

Atoms form chemical bonds to have a more stable electron configuration. They do this by filling or emptying their outer shell.

A Mole is…

1.0 Mole = 6.02 x 10^23

Explain 3 reasons why Adenine pairs W/Thymine and Guanine pairs W/ Cytosine.

Adenine and Thymine have molecule structures that allow them to fit together and this is the same for Guanine and Cytosine.

Adenine cannot pair with Cytosine because they have the same charges and they end up repelling instead of attracting.

Guanine cannot pair with Thymine because even though they have one partial charge matching up, the other charges' repulsion is stronger than the attraction.