Physics Final Vocab

What do you mean by electric field of charge? Explain with a diagram

electric field of charge is a region of space where a charged particle experiences a force due to the presence of another object

What are the differences between conductors and insulators? Give examples

Conductors are materials om which the electrical charges move freely

insulators are materials in which the electrons do not move freely

State Coulomb’s Law. Explain and write the equation

Coulomb’s law states that the electrostatic force between two-point charges is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them

F=k q1q2/r²

What is an electric charge? What is the value of one electron charge

an electric charge is electric field lines pointing towards each is negative and pointing away from each other is positive 1e= 1.6×10^-19c

What is conservation of energy? Write the equation for work-energy theorem

Conservation of energy when energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another

KE + PE + W = 0

What is energy? List the names of sources of different energies

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another

nuclear, light, heat, electrical, magnetic, electromagnetic, atomic

What is potential energy? Give an example

Potential energy is energy associated with the position of an object within some system.

ex: a book sitting on a shelf

What do you mean by work done? What is the equation? What kind of quantity is it

Work is the amount of energy transferrred from an object by an external force when it moves a certain distance by that force

fxd scalar quantity

What is electrical power? What is the SI unit?

Electrical power is the rate of transfer of electrical energy within a circuit

SI unit - watt

State Ohm’s law. Write the equation

Ohm’s law states that the voltage across a conductor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it

R= I/V

What are the differences between series and parallel circuits? Explain resistance in series and parallel circuits using diagrams

series circuit is when all components are connected end-to-end forming a single path for electrons to flow

parallel circuits - all components are connected across each other forming exactly two sets of electrically common points

What do you mean by charging by conduction? Explain with a diagram

Charging by conduction is when a charged object touches another object, the other object now has the same charge as the first charged object

What is momentum? What are momentum components

momentum is linear momentum of an object is mass moving with a velocity and is defined as the product of mass and velocity

SI unit- kgm/s

How many types of collision are there? Give examples of each with a diagram. What do you mean by completely inelastic?

2 types of collisions - elastic and inelastic

elastic - when a bullet hits a pumpkin and it goes right through and sends the pumpkin flying

inelastic - one car skids into the back of another and they stick together

State impulse-momentum theorem and write the equation

impulse momentum theorem is when the impulse acting on an object is equal to the change in momentum of the object

What is the principle of conservation of momentum? Write the equation

Conservation of momentum is isolated in which collision occurs is conserved

m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Mechanical energy is transformed to heat and light energy

light energy to electric energy

electric energy to mechanical energy

mechanical energy to heat energy