CHN NOTES

National Budget Allocation for Health Care

National Budget Allocation for Health Care

The amount of money designated by the government for healthcare services, which in the Philippines is relatively small.

Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Strategies

Approaches such as health promotion and disease prevention aimed at maximizing limited healthcare resources.

Community Health Nursing

The practice focused on preserving the health of communities through health promotion and maintenance of individuals, families, and groups.

Concepts of Health

Various characterizations of health, including goal-directed actions and well-being, making standardization challenging.

Determinants of Health and Disease

Factors like income, education, environment, genetics, and behavior influencing health and disease outcomes.

Levels of Prevention

Primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention strategies to promote health and prevent diseases.

Public Health Nursing

The application of nursing and public health sciences to promote and protect the health of populations.

Community-Based Nursing

Providing nursing care to individuals, families, and groups in their living, working, or educational environments.

Population-Focused Approach

Emphasizing assessment, determinants of health, prevention levels, and interventions at various community levels.

Competency Standards in Community Health Nursing

Standards including safe care, resource management, education, legal and ethical responsibilities, and collaboration.

History of Public Health Nursing in the Philippines

Milestones from the establishment of medical services to the devolution of health services to local government units.

Pre-Payment Mechanism

The system where community health services are prepaid through taxes, tuition fees, or direct payments for specific health services.

World Health Organization (WHO) Core Functions

Leadership, research, setting norms, policy options, technical support, and capacity building for health.

Millennium Development Goals (MDG)

Eight goals including poverty eradication, education, gender equality, child and maternal health, disease control, environmental sustainability, and global partnership.

Philippine Health Care Delivery System

Functions of the Department of Health, private sector involvement, health financing, and the National Insurance Act of 1995 (R.A. 7875).

Health Facility Classification

Administrative Order 2012-0012 provides a new classification scheme for hospitals and other health facilities in the Philippines, categorizing them into different levels and types.

Rural Health Unit (RHU)

The primary level health facility in a municipality, focusing on preventive and promotive healthcare services, with the mayor as the highest personnel.

Inter-Local Health Zone (ILHZ)

A system of internal and external referrals within defined geographical areas, based on the District Health System concept, involving clear boundaries, health facilities, health workers, and a central referral hospital.

Primary Health Care (PHC)

Essential healthcare accessible to individuals and families in the community, emphasizing principles like accessibility, affordability, community participation, and appropriate technology.

Home Visit in Community Health Nursing

A purposeful interaction in the family's residence aimed at promoting, maintaining, and restoring health, involving phases like pre-visit planning, in-home activities, and post-visit documentation.

Public Health Bag

An essential tool for public health nurses, organized to prevent cross-infection and contamination, containing items for infection control, assessment, nursing care, and promoting hand hygiene.

Asepsis

Principle of maintaining cleanliness and preventing infection during medical procedures; should be practiced from 'clean to contaminated'.

Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)

Established by WHO in 1976 to provide routine vaccines for infants, children, and mothers to prevent vaccine-preventable diseases.

Active Immunity

Immunity acquired through exposure to antigens, either naturally (infection) or artificially (vaccination), leading to antibody production.

Passive Immunity

Immunity acquired through the transfer of antibodies, either naturally (transplacental) or artificially (injection of antibodies).

Cold Chain System

System of storing and transporting vaccines at cold temperatures to maintain their potency and effectiveness.

Types of Vaccines

Live attenuated vaccines contain weakened forms of the virus/bacterium for long-term immunity; inactivated vaccines are killed microorganisms that require multiple doses to stimulate antibody production.

EPI Vaccines

BCG, DPT, OPV, Measles, and others are administered to prevent diseases like tuberculosis, polio, and measles, following specific schedules and guidelines.

Principles in Vaccination

Guidelines such as not giving BCG to HIV-positive infants, administering EPI vaccines on the same day at different sites, and repeating BCG vaccination if no scar forms after the first injection.