topic 5.1

the characteristics and classification of skill

define skill

consistent production of goal oriented movement

gross motor skills

involve large muscle groups e.g. walking, running, jumping, kicking

fine motor skills

involve small muscle groups and fine movements e.g. playing piano, darts

open environment

environmental conditions have significant impact

closed environment

stable and predictable environment

discrete skill

movement with clear beginning and end

serial skill

linking together of skills to form a longer, more complex movement

continuous skills

where the end of a cycle of movement is the beginning of another without a clear beginning or end

internal pacing

where the performer controls the rate at which the skill is executed

external pacing

environment and opposition control the rate of performance

individual competitor interaction

performed in isolation, no other performers are involved

coactive competitor interaction

performed with someone else but no direct confrontation

interactive competitor interaction

other performers are involved and can have direct confrontation

define ability

an ability is something you are born with (genetics) and can be difficult to change

motor skills

emphasises movement without much thought

cognitive skills

associated with decision making, critical thinking and strategising. less about execution than being tactful.

perceptual skills

ability to sense and interpret the environment to paint a picture of surroundings

perceptual motor skills

involves thought, interpretation and movement. high perceptual ability and adaptability to environment

physical vs perceptual abilities

physical proficiencies differed from perceptual motor abilities in that they are more generally related to gross physical performance

physical proficiencies areas

strength, flexibility, coordination, stamina

perceptual abilities areas

aim, precision, speed, dexterity,

physical proficiencies

gross movements

perceptual abilities

process information of how and when to move

state the relationship between skill, ability and technique

skill= ability + selection of appropriate technique

difference in skill areas

accuracy, consistency, control, efficiency, fluency, goal directed