PSYC3125 - Professional & Applied Psychology Review

A set of vocabulary flashcards based on the key concepts from PSYC3125 lecture notes, focusing on important terms and their definitions related to professional and applied psychology.

Social-Historical Context

The larger socioeconomic context within which psychologists work, influencing their practices and the adjustment of service recipients to societal norms.

Psychometrics

The science of psychological measurement, including the development of tests to measure psychological constructs.

Intelligence Testing

The assessment of intellectual functioning, historically the most common application of psychology in schools and businesses.

Individualized Approach

An intelligence testing perspective that focuses on the individual child's needs and abilities, developed by Alfred Binet.

Psychometric Approach

A perspective that emphasizes measuring and ranking individuals based on statistical methods.

IQ (Intelligence Quotient)

A measure of intelligence derived from dividing mental age by chronological age, introduced by William Stern.

Positive Psychology

A branch of psychology that studies strengths and well-being rather than pathology and disorders.

Client-Centered Therapy

A therapy developed by Carl Rogers that emphasizes empathy and unconditional positive regard in a non-directive environment.

Behavioral Therapy

A therapeutic approach focused on changing maladaptive behaviors through structured interventions.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

A therapy that combines cognitive and behavioral approaches, aiming to change problematic thinking patterns.

Psychopharmacology

The study and use of drugs to treat mental disorders, involving various professionals and the pharmaceutical industry.

Ethical Codes

Guidelines established to direct the professional behavior and responsibilities of psychologists.

Gross Harm

Significant unintended negative consequences in therapy leading to serious ethical violations.

Subtle Harm

More common yet less obvious negative effects in psychological practice, often arising from oversight or insensitivity.

Iatrogenic Effects

Negative outcomes that occur as a result of therapy or psychological treatments.

Professionalization

The process of establishing formal standards and practices within a profession, such as psychology.

Structural Determinants of Health

Factors related to social, political, and economic structures that impact individual and community health.

Community Psychology

A subdiscipline that focuses on individuals in their social contexts and emphasizes social change.

Critical Health Psychology

An approach that emphasizes structural and social determinants of health over individual behavior.

Heredity in Intelligence

The idea that intelligence is primarily determined by biological factors.

Cognitive Models of Intelligence

Theoretical frameworks that view intelligence as a set of cognitive skills rather than fixed traits.

Conformity

Adjusting behaviors or beliefs to align with social expectations, often emphasized in psychological practices.

Provider-Client Relationship

The dynamics that exist between a psychologist and their client, affecting treatment and ethical considerations.

Client Autonomy

The right of clients to make informed decisions about their own treatment.

Professional Ethics

Moral principles that guide the conduct of psychologists in their professional roles.

Social Justice in Psychology

The pursuit of fairness and equity within psychological practice, including addressing inequalities.

Cultural Competence

The ability of psychologists to understand and respond appropriately to the cultural needs of clients.

Therapeutic Relationship

The connection and trust established between a therapist and a client, critical for effective therapy.

Sociocultural Processes

The interaction of social and cultural factors that influence individual behaviors and mental health.

Empathy in Therapy

The ability of a therapist to understand and share the feelings of a client, enhancing the therapeutic process.

Research Methods in Psychology

Diverse approaches used to study psychological phenomena, including quantitative and qualitative methods.

Mental Health Policy

Guidelines and frameworks established to govern the delivery of mental health services.

Vulnerable Persons

Individuals who may require additional protection or consideration in psychological practice due to their circumstances.

Confidentiality in Therapy

The ethical principle that client information should be kept private and not disclosed without consent.

Neo-Freudian Theory

Psychological theories derived from or modifying Freudian principles, emphasizing social and cultural factors.

Therapeutic Techniques

Methods employed by psychologists to facilitate healing and change in clients.

Educational Psychology

The study of how psychological principles affect teaching and learning processes.

Health Psychology Focus Areas

Treatment and prevention of physical illness, promotion of health, and understanding psychological factors in health.

Accountability in Psychology

The responsibility of psychologists to adhere to ethical standards and guidelines in their practice.

Methods of Psychological Assessment

Various techniques used to evaluate psychological functioning and diagnose mental health issues.

Resistance to Therapy

Client reluctance or opposition to engage in therapeutic processes, influenced by various factors.