Bioligy

Cell Structure

The organization and arrangement of different components within a cell, including the nucleus, organelles, and cell membrane.

Genetics

The study of heredity and variation in organisms, focusing on the role of genes and DNA.

Evolution

The process through which populations of organisms change over generations through natural selection and genetic variation.

Nucleus

The membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains the cell's genetic material.

Organelles

Specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct processes, such as mitochondria, ribosomes, and the endoplasmic reticulum.

Cell Membrane

A biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of all cells from the outside environment.

DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known living organisms.

Heredity

The transmission of genetic characteristics from parents to offspring.

Natural Selection

A mechanism of evolution where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

Mutation

A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to variations within a population.

Phenotype

The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism as determined by genetic and environmental influences.

Genotype

The genetic constitution of an individual organism.

Eukaryotic Cells

Cells that have a nucleus and organelles enclosed within membranes.

Prokaryotic Cells

Single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Chromosomes

Structures within cells that contain DNA and carry genetic information.

Recessive Gene

A gene that is expressed only when two copies are present in an organism.

Dominant Gene

A gene that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy is present.

Adaptation

A trait that enhances the survival and reproduction of an organism in a particular environment.

Speciation

The evolutionary process by which new biological species arise.

Biological Classification

The method of organizing living organisms into groups based on similarities and differences.

Fossils

Preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms that provide evidence for evolution and past life on Earth.