social influence

Obedience

A direct order

ex: a boss tells you to work late

Proximity

Closeness

Ex: The police officer is standing right next to you, making you more likely to obe

Prestige

Status/Respect

Ex: You're more likely to obey a command from a doctor in a lab coat than a random person in the street.

Depersonalization

De-humanize

Ex: Viewing a rival team as "the enemy" instead of individual athletes.

Conformity

Following the Group

You start dressing like your friends.

Normative Social Influence

Need to be LIKED

Ex: You pretend to like a band that everyone else in the room likes so they don't reject you

Informational Social Influence

Need to be RIGHT

Ex: You don't know the answer on a test, so you copy the person next to you who you assume is smart.

Presence of Others

Just Being There

Ex The initial factor that causes changes like Social Facilitation or Inhibition.

Yerkes-Dodson Law

Inverted U-Curve

Ex A little stress (arousal) is good for performance; too much stress is bad.

Social Facilitation

Easy Task \rightarrow BETTER

Ex A professional runner runs faster in a crowded race than when practicing alone.

Social Inhibition

Hard Task \rightarrow WORSE

A novice piano player makes more mistakes when performing a complex piece in front of an audience.

Social Loafing

Less Effort in Group

Ex In a group project, one person does less work because the others will pick up the slack.

Group Dynamics

The Whole Process

Ex How the team interacts, communicates, and resolves conflict.

Deindividuation

Lost Identity/Anonymity

Ex People doing things in a large, anonymous Halloween crowd that they'd never do alone

Groupthink

Harmony over Quality

Ex A decision-making team ignores clear risks just to keep the meeting calm and agree quickly.

Group Polarization

Attitudes get EXTREME

Ex A group of people who dislike a certain political candidate talks about them, and by the end, they hate the candidate even more.