Theme A

What are pull factors that attract migrants to the UK?

Jobs, better quality of life, political stability, and health services

What are push factors that drive people to leave their home country?

War, famine, unemployment, and political persecution

What are the effects of migration?

Brings diversity, economic benefits, and demand for services like schools and housing.

What are the main sources of migration to the UK?

Polish migration after WWII, Indian immigrants from former colonies, Commonwealth and EU citizens, and asylum seekers.

What are the types of migrants?

Economic migrants, asylum seekers, and refugees.

What is mutual respect?

Treating others with consideration regardless of differences such as religion, ethnicity, or beliefs.

How is mutual respect protected by law

Through the Equality Act 2010.

What are examples of effects of mutual respect?

Reduced discrimination, increased tolerance, and better community relations.

What is community cohesion?

When people from different backgrounds share mutual respect and a sense of belonging.

What are examples of cultural events promoting cohesion?

International food festivals and religious celebrations.

What happens in a society with low levels of cohesion?

Higher crime, extremism, and lack of trust.

What are the 3 essential concepts that underpin a democratic society?

Rights, responsibilities, and community cohesion.

What are the main factors that make up personal identity?

Age, gender, religion, ethnicity, and social identity.

What does ethnic and cultural identity include?

Language, traditions, music, food, and celebrations.

What is social identity?

How people express themselves through peer groups, hobbies, and social roles.

What is a multicultural state?

A state where people of different backgrounds live together and are respected equally.

What is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)?

Adopted in 1948, it includes the right to liberty and life.

What is the Human Rights Act 1998?

It incorporates the UDHR into British law and ensures government compliance with human rights.

What are moral rights?

Expected standards of behaviour such as honesty and fairness.

What are some key legal rights in the UK?

Fair trial, Freedom of speech, Freedom of religion, Right to vote

What permissions do you gain at 16?

Get married with permission, leave school, work full-time

What permissions do you gain at 18?

Vote, buy alcohol, join armed forces

What is the rule of law?

No one is above the law, and everyone is treated equally by it.

What rights do citizens have to participate politically?

Right to vote, protest peacefully, and join political parties.

What responsibilities do citizens have?

To obey laws, pay taxes, and be educated about civic issues.

What is the Magna Carta and when was it signed?

A charter signed in 1215 limiting the King’s power and protecting rights.

What key principles were established by the Magna Carta?

The King could not raise taxes without consent

Right to a fair trial

No one is above the law

How is it linked to democracy today?

It inspired ideas of fairness, rights, and limits on government power.

How are local councils funded?

Through council tax, business rates, and grants from central government.

What services do local councils provide?

Social care, education, libraries, and housing.

What is the Government Finance Act 2012?

It allows councils to keep half of business rates to encourage local growth.

What does religious identity include?

Dress, place of worship, religious tradition

What does age-related identity include?

Changes over time, young and old may differ. Can change because of marriage, Family, jobs, and retirement

What does gender identity include?

Stereotypical male and female roles, transgender and gender identity

What does social identity include?

Sporting groups, peer groups, and social media

What does national, local, and regional identity include?

British, Irish, Scottish, Welsh, Northern Irisg, and English.