EVOLUTION

diversity

the variety of living things that inhabit our planet

endosymbiotic theory

said that the organelles of eukaryotic cells were once prokaryotic cells that have been engulfed by a larger prokaryotic cell- theory of how life began

evolution

a change in the inherited characteristics of a group of organisms over generations

evolutionary theory

the collection of scientific facts, observations, and hypothesis that try to explain diversity on earth

Jean- Baptiste Lamarck

came up with his own idea of evolution and said that organisms got changes from the use of disuse of them from their parents

natural selection

a mechanism by which individuals that have inherited beneficial adaptations to produce more offspring

main principles to the theory of natural selection

variation, overproduction, adaptation, and decent with modification

variation

differences in a habitat; this is good if one kind of animal is taken out by a natual disaster there is still different kinds of the certain animal

overproduction

this leaves the offspring with a competition for resources- only the best fit will survive

adaptation

certain variations of an animal might help it survive better in certain habitats

decent with modification

overtime, natural selection will result in only having animals that are well suited for the habitat

phenotypes

physical traits

embryology

the study of embryos and their development; the similarity of the embryos can mean a common ancestor

paleontology

the study of fossils

relative dating

guessing how old a fossil is

absolute dating

doing the math to figure out how old a fossil is

biogeopgraphy

the study of distribution of organisms around the world

morphology

the forms of living organisms relationships and their relationships with their structure

homologous structure

similar because they have a common ancestor

analogous structure

similar but no common ancestor; same function

vestigial structure

small structures that we get from common ancestors; we dont use them (apendix)

biochemistry

comparisons of DNA and protein sequences can be used to show evolutionary relationships between dif organisms