Chapter 5 & 6 Vocab

APWH

Abolish

to do away with; to put a stop to

absolute monarchy

an authoritarian governing system in which a hereditary ruler holds complete power until death an authoritarian governing system in which a hereditary ruler hold complete power until death.

aristocracy

a high-ranking social class, having special privileges and influence and usually determined by heredity.

autonomy

freedom and independence; self-governance

bourgeoisie

the middle class

citizen

a person belonging by birth or naturalization to a political and geographic entity, especially a nation.

Communism

the theory of a classless social system in which all property and means of production are owned in common; socialist theory deriving from the works of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.

Conservative

A personal who favors the traditional and opposes rapid change

constitution

the set of basic laws and principles by which a nation, state, or other organization is governed.

consumer

one who purchases goods or services

democracy

a form of government in which power ultimately rests with the people, either directly or through elected representatives. l

Enlightenment

an eighteenth-century philosophical movement that empathized the use of reason.

ethnic nationalism

a form of nationalism wherein the nation is defined by a shared heritage, which usually includes a common language, a common faith, and a common ethnic ancestry.

factory

a building or set of building where products are manufactured.

fossil fuels

any carbon-containing fuel formed from the remains of prehistoric plants and animals, such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas.

gender

socially constructed characteristics of women and men, such as norms, rules, and relationships of between groups of women and men.

ideology

the body of beliefs, symbols, and political and social aims that characterizes a particular group or institution.

independence

the quality or state of being independent; freedom from outside control.

industrial

of or pertaining to the production of goods and services by industry. (activity or process of turning raw materials into finished goods) or a particular buisness that does this.

invest

to spend with the intention of gaining some benefit.

liberal

one who believes in a progressive political philosophy, which favors government promotion of social change and the importance of individual liberty.

manufacture

to make by machine, usually in great quantities.

nation

a people living in the same geographic region and having a common history, language, and culture.

nation-state

the modern autonomous (self-governing) nation, considered as a unit of political organization

nationalism

concern for or devotion to one's own nation, especially desire for national progress, defense, or independence.

Poletariat

the working class, especially those that lack capital and must sell their usually unskilled labor in order to survive.

radical

a person who advocates fundamental or extreme social and political changes.

reform

to improve or enhance through moderate change.

republic

a state or nation where supreme political power is exercised by elected representatives acting in the name of the people.

revolution

a massive upheaval in ideas or ways of doing something, or the widescale change or transformation that occurs because of it.

socialism

a political or economic theory in which community members own all property, resources, and the means of production, and control the distribution of goods.

sovereignty

the power of self-government, with independence from outside control; autonomy

suffrage

the right to vote in a political election.

administrator

a person who manages, especially business or public affair.

colonialism

the practice of a foreign government exercising political or economic control of another community.

color line

the role race and racism had in American society after the abolition of slavery.

customs

the governmental office that administers trade and collects taxes on imports and exports

emigrate

to leave one country or region, usually the country of origin, in order to settle in another.

exploiative

making unfair use of a situation for profit or benefit.

famine

an extreme and widespread shortage of food

formal colonialism

direct colonial control of a community by a foreign empire.

immigration

how humans move from one place to another.

imperialism

the policy of extending the rule or authority of one nation over others by territorial acquisition or through economic or political dominance.

industrial capitalism

an economic system that combines capitalism with intense manufacturing production in factories, characterized by division of labor to increase efficiency

migrant

a person who travels from place to place to find employment.

modernization

the process or act or redesigning something to make it look new or contemporary.

persecution

a purposeful course of harassing, punishing, or exterminating others, especially because of their race or their religious, moral, or political beliefs.

poverty

the conditions of being poor or lacking the necessary means of support.

profit

a financial gain

racism

the theory or opinion that a certain race or races of people, usually one's own, are superior to others because of certain inborn characteristics and any policy or practice based on said belief.

rebellion

an uprising or armed resistance against established authority or a government.

reparation

the act or process of making amends for wrongdoing or injury; payment required of a defeated nation by the victors, for damages, alleged atrocities, or other injury.

rural

relating to, or describing the country.

segregation

an act of segregating or the conditions of being seperated. Usually to racial or ethnic groups.

Social Darwinism

A late 19th century pseudoscientific theory in which Darwinism is applied to the understanding of human society, some individual groups are superior over other groups.

subjects

a person who owes allegiance to a monarch or to a state., Under the power, authority or influence of someone.

urban

of or pertaining to a city or town.Abolish

absolute monarchy

an authoritarian governing system in which a hereditary ruler holds complete power until death an authoritarian governing system in which a hereditary ruler hold complete power until death.

aristocracy

a high-ranking social class, having special privileges and influence and usually determined by heredity.

autonomy

freedom and independence; self-governance

bourgeoisie

the middle class

citizen

a person belonging by birth or naturalization to a political and geographic entity, especially a nation.

Communism

the theory of a classless social system in which all property and means of production are owned in common; socialist theory deriving from the works of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.

Conservative

A personal who favors the traditional and opposes rapid change

constitution

the set of basic laws and principles by which a nation, state, or other organization is governed.

consumer

one who produces goods or services

democracy

a form of government in which power ultimately rests with the people, either directly or through elected representatives. l

Enlightenment

an eighteenth-century philosophical movement that empathized the use of reason.

factory

a building or set of building where products are manufactured.

fossil fuels

any carbon-containing fuel formed from the remains of prehistoric plants and animals, such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas.

independence

the quality or state of being independent; freedom from outside control.

industrial

of or pertaining to the production of goods and services by industry. (activity or process of turning raw materials into finished goods) or a particular buisness that does this.

invest

to spend with the intention of gaining some benefit.

liberal

one who believes in a progressive political philosophy, which favors government promotion of social change and the importance of individual liberty.

manufacture

to make by machine, usually in great quantities.

nation

a people living in the same geographic region and having a common history, language, and culture.

nation-state

the modern autonomous (self-governing) nation, considered as a unit of political organization

nationalism

concern for or devotion to one's own nation, especially desire for national progress, defense, or independence.

Poletariat

the working class, especially those that lack capital and must sell their usually unskilled labor in order to survive.

radical

a person who advocates fundamental or extreme social and political changes.

reform

to improve or enhance through moderate change.

republic

a state or nation where supreme political power is exercised by elected representatives acting in the name of the people.

revolution

a massive upheaval in ideas or ways of doing something, or the widescale change or transformation that occurs because of it.

socialism

a political or economic theory in which community members own all property, resources, and the means of production, and control the distribution of goods.

sovereignty

the power of self-government, with independence from outside control; autonomy

suffrage

the right to vote in a political election.

administrator

a person who manages, especially business or public affair.

colonialism

the practice of a foreign government exercising political or economic control of another community.

color line

the role race and racism had in American society after the abolition of slavery.

customs

the governmental office that administers trade and collects taxes on imports and exports

emigrate

to leave one country or region, usually the country of origin, in order to settle in another.

exploiative

making unfair use of a situation for profit or benefit.

famine

an extreme and widespread shortage of food

formal colonialism

direct colonial control of a community by a foreign empire.

immigration

how humans move from one place to another.

imperialism

the policy of extending the rule or authority of one nation over others by territorial acquisition or through economic or political dominance.

industrial capitalism

an economic system that combines capitalism with intense manufacturing production in factories, characterized by division of labor to increase efficiency

migrant

a person who travels from place to place to find employment.

modernization

the process or act or redesigning something to make it look new or contemporary.

persecution

a purposeful course of harassing, punishing, or exterminating others, especially because of their race or their religious, moral, or political beliefs.