Experimental Designs and Hypothesis Testing

These flashcards cover vocabulary terms related to independent and dependent samples experimental designs, hypothesis testing steps, and key statistical concepts.

Independent Samples t-test

A statistical test used to compare means from two different groups of subjects.

Dependent Samples t-test

A statistical test that compares means from the same subjects tested under different conditions, also known as paired samples t-test.

Correlated Samples Design

A research design where the same subjects are tested under different conditions.

Difference Scores

The calculated differences between paired observations, defined as Condition 1 - Condition 2.

Alpha Level (α)

The threshold probability for rejecting the null hypothesis in hypothesis testing.

t-crit

The critical value of t that defines the cutoff point for the rejection of the null hypothesis.

t-obt

The calculated t-value obtained from the sample data.

Power of a Test

The likelihood that it will correctly reject a false null hypothesis, higher in paired samples due to repeated measures.

Fatigue Effects

The impact on an individual’s performance in repeated measures designs due to tiredness.

Order Effects

The potential influence of the order in which treatments are administered on the outcomes.

Mean Difference (Mew-D)

The average of the difference scores in a paired samples t-test, where null hypothesis assumes this value is zero.