divisions over religion- personal rule 7

part 2

The majority of the PN were

conservative Calvanist Anglican- Jacobean balance + tolerated both moderate PURITANISM and ARMINIANISM

Arminianism appealed to majority Calvanist population because

less demanding nature- emphasis on ceremony and music

Puritans could be unpopular because

they saw themselves as superior

Charles favouring of Arminianism caused

Britain’s war n religion forcing a Puritan reaction

Laud was promoted Archbishop of Cantebury in

1633

Key 2 beliefs of Laudian anti- Clavinism

1) reject predestination

2) less Bible and preaching more RITUAL AND CEREMONY

What broke Jacobean balance

Charles’ siding with Laudianism and imposing more restrictive religious uniformity

Protestants were united by 1640 because of

their hatred for Charles

Laudians honoured the

beauty of holiness

key changes brought by Laudian anti-calvanism

1)communion table moved to east of church

2)ceremony emphasis

3)stain glass window-DECOR

4)music

5)vestments> plain robes

6)removal of gentry’s ornamental powers

These changes effected who the most

Puritans- liked plain, this was everything WRONG with Catholicism!

Why did the communion table changes cause most backlash

Charles gave no answer and just reflected Lauds need for order

the altar policy included what

-communion table aligned north-south against far eastwall of church( Catholic vibez)

-space around altar raised by some steps

-chancel area separated from rest of church by a rail

-altar covered with decorated embroidered cloth

3 more changes of Laud

1)church ceremony

2)campaign against unlicensed preaching

3) reissue of Book of sports

Church ceremony change

-Catholic esque emphasis on ceremony

-centred n catechism

-set statements in prayer book recited at certain points

-moved away from Puritan value of word of GOD

Campaign against unlicensed preaching change

-limited preaching on sunday mornings/evenings

-limited further by FEOFEES FOR IMPROPRIATIONS 1633

-aim to restore church authority

-restoration of church lands and control of clergy appointments helped this

-emphasis on church power>laity

Reissue of book of sports change

-Book of sports 1633

-originally made by James 1618 to counter pressure on puritan dominated areas to not have fun on Sunday and keep a day for God

-outlined sports and fun e.g morris dancing that people could do after sunday service

-clergy who failed to read could be expelled/imprisoned

Feofees for Impropriations ?

-organisation mainly of Puritans from 1626- raised dosh to control appointment of clergy to parishes to establish puritan preachers

-banned 1633 by LAUD

Visitations

visits made by bishops to parishes in their areas to report whether everyone was conforming to Laudian reforms

when did charles impose laudian reforms

11 years of personal rule

why did puritans believe the king was influenced by catholics

surrounded by them in court including his wife henrietta maria

when were canon laws passed to codify lauds measures

1640- but created puritan backlash

what are puritans

hotter protestants

features of puritans

importance of Bible

anti catholic

millenerianism

Gregorys case 1633

-first open sign of opposition to religious changes

-st gregory’s church parishioners challenged moving communion table

-parishioners brought before privy council

John Williams case 1637

-bishop john williams imprisoned 1637 due to published criticism of altar plicy- the holy table, name and thing

-showed terminology was even an issue- altar seen as catholic

prynne, burton and bastwick case 1637

-well respected puritans brought before star chamber for criticsms of church policy

-found guilty of criticising laud

-fined £5000, imprisoned for life, public cropping of ears

-earned some sympathy cuz they were professionals- lawyer, doctor, cleric

john lilburne case 1638

-puritan, distrusted batwicks work

-like the 3 he opposed laud and printed about it

-feb 1638- found guilty of printing unlicensed writing

-fined and publicly whipped

-put back in prison and continued to write

scottish people were mainly

presbytarian- even more mad about laud

through the Act of Revocation, Charles…

exploited right to take land from elite to support church of scotland

landowners were united against

charles

charles went scotland in 1633 to

be crowned king

charles impression in scotalnd

shit- took him 8 years to visit and offensive ceremony seen as lowkey catholic

1633- charles announced in scotland what

new prayer book- led to scottish rebellion and started british civil wars

1636- charles imposed new canons in…

scotland

key aspects of canons in scotland 1636 (based on articles of perth)

-altar to be placed against east wall of chancel

-ministers to wear surplice when celebrating communion

-improvised prayer banned

canons in scotland 1636 interpreted as

return to catholicism- worsened by use of royal prerogative. no one in scotland had any say!

laudian prayer book introduced in scotland in…

1637- no consultation at all

was the laudian prayer book fbesame as the english prayer book

no it was just for scots- threatened their religious independence and catholic vibez

what did charles scottish prayer book start

conflict in st giles cathedral, starting the scottish rebellion and then british civil wars 1637-1660

what was the actual reason for the hate towards laudianism

not from committed puritans but the perception of laudianism as part of charles personal rule

millenerianism meaning

end of the world- english protestantisms core. saw crisis as part of events leading up to this

who were the main ones standing against laudianism in 1630s

puritan