The Race for the Double Helix
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31 Terms
Who was James D. Watson?
he was a molecular biologist, geneticist, and zoologist responsible for the first complete model of DNA with Francis Crick
Who was Francis Crick?
he was a molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neurologist partly responsible for the first complete model of DNA with James D. Watson
What was the year and location of James D. Watson’s international science meeting?
The year was 1951 and the locations was Naples, Italy
What scientist did Watson desperately want to meet at his international science meeting?
Maurice Walkins
What does Watson mean when he says that he is one of the believers?
He believes DNA holds the genetic secret
In what city and country was Rosalind Franklin working before she went to King’s College London?
Paris, France
What was physicist J.T. Randall’s position at King’s College?
His position was head of physics.
Who was the director of the Cambridge Cavendish Laboratory?
Lawrence Bragg, son of William Bragg who, along with his father, won a Nobel prize in 1915.
Who was the bright hope of the Cavendish Laboratory?
The bright hope was Francis Crick
Who was Raymond Gosling?
He was a research student working with Maurice Wilkens
Where did Rosalind Franklin’s DNA sample come from?
Rudolf Signer
What does J.T. Randall say to Wilkens about formal structures and hierarchies in the labs at King’s College?
He claimed he didn’t like them and he preferred more flexibility
How long was Rosalind Franklin working in Paris in a post-doctoral capacity?
She was there for four years
“Science is a ____ activity.”
communal
What piece of data did Watson forget when he heard Franklin speak about her work at King’s?
Watson thought Franklin meant 8 molecules of water per unit cell; what she said was 8 molecules of water per nucleotide.
What is the asymmetric unit?
the smallest part of a crystal required to tell one the properties of a crystal’s structure
What was the problem with Watson and Crick’s first DNA model?
They were missing the correct arrangement of bases and the correct amount of water
At what famous university in the U.S. was Linus Pauling working as a Professor of Chemistry?
The university was Caltech
Why couldn’t Linus Pauling come to Britain for a science conference?
He was invited to the royal society meeting.
As what character did Jim Watson come to the costume party?
He dressed as a Vicar
Who was J.T. Randall?
He was a physicist and a biochemist who improved the cavity magnetron.
What did Erwin Chargaff contribute to the solution of the DNA structure?
He discovered the ratio of the DNA base pairs
What are the DNA base pairings?
A-T, G-C
Who was coming to work in the Cavendish who knew Linus Pauling very well?
Peter Pauling
Rosalind Franklin was going to leave King’s College to go to what other college in London?
Birkback College
How many chains did Linus Pauling’s erroneous DNA structure have?
3 chains
What did Maurice Wilkins show to James Watson when Watson visited King’s after having seen the erroneous Pauling three-stranded DNA structure?
He showed Watson Rosalind’s famous DNA photo 51
What was the name of the chemist who straightened out Watson and Crick on the keto and enol structures of the four base pairs?
Jerry Donahue, a theoretical and physical chemist
What is the name for the type of bond that holds the base pairs together?
Hydrogen bonds
Who was pygmalion and why does Crick say that the structural model of DNA is like pygmalion?
He is a figure from Greek myth who fell in love with a stature he carved. Crick made the comparison due to the natural beauty of the DNA structure.
What are the chemical components of a DNA molecule?
phosphate, sugar, and nitrogenous base