Molecular Orbitals and Molecular Shapes

Molecular Shape

three dimensional arrangement of molecules

Sigma Bond

head on; same phase; constructive interference s orbital and pz

Anti Sigma Bond

head on; different phase; deconstructive interference 

Pi bond

Side by side; two same phases; px and py

Anti Pi bond

Different phases; side by side px and py

Single bond

sigma bond

Double Bond

1 sigma 1 pi bond

triple bond

1sigma 2 pi bond

Linear

Angle 180; AX3 ; two domains

Trigonal Planar

Angle 120, AX3; three domains

Bent

Angle 120, AX2 E1; three domains, 2 bonds, 1 lone pair

Tetrahedral

Angle 109.5, AX4; 4 domains, all bonds

Trigonal Pyramidal

Angle 109.5, AX3 E1; Four domains, 3 bonds 1 lone pair

Bent

Angle 109.5, AX3 E2; Four domains, 3 bonds 2 lone pairs

Trigonal Bipyramidal

Angle 90, Angle 120, AX5; 5 domains, All bonds

Seesaw

Angle 90, Angle 120, AX4 E1; 5 domains, 4 bonds 1 lone pair

T-Shaped

Angle 90, Angle 120, AX3 E2; 5 domains, 3 bonds 2 lone pairs

Linear

Angle 90, Angle 120, AX2 E3; 5 domains, 2 bonds 3 lone pairs

Octahedral

Angle 90, AX6; 6 domains, all bonding

Square Pyramidal

Angle 90, AX5 E1; 6 domains, 5 bonding 1 lone pair

Square Planar

Angle 90, AX4 E2; 6 domains, 5 bonding 2 lone pairs