Lecture 7 - cells

Bacterial cells do not have a __________.

nucleus

Eukaryotic cells contain a __________ that is a distinct feature compared to prokaryotic cells.

genuine nucleus

Mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells resemble __________ cells.

bacterial

The essential functions are carried out by the major __________ in a eukaryotic cell.

organelles

Prokaryotic cells lack __________-enclosed organelles.

membrane

The cytoskeleton provides __________ and support to cells.

structure

In structure, prokaryotic cells possess a __________ that contains their DNA.

nucleoid

The major macromolecule components of prokaryotic cells include nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and __________.

lipids

The __________ is essential for cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells.

mitochondrion

Plant cells contain __________, which are not found in animal cells.

chloroplasts

The __________ is involved in the movement of vesicles within the cell.

cytoskeleton

Microtubules are composed of __________ proteins.

tubulin

The process of capturing light energy in plant cells is carried out by __________.

chloroplasts

Eukaryotic cells are larger than __________ cells.

prokaryotic

Flagella and _________ are structures used for movement in certain cells.

cilia

The __________ serves as the information center of the cell.

nucleus

The outer membrane of mitochondria is __________, while the inner membrane is highly folded into structures called cristae.

smooth

During cellular division, microtubules are involved in __________.

mitosis

The cytosol is found in the __________ of the cell.

cytoplasm

Animal cells do not have a __________, a feature that distinguishes them from plant cells.

cell wall

Ribosomes are responsible for __________ synthesis.

protein

In eukaryotic cells, the __________ contributes to the cell’s shape and aids in movement.

cytoskeleton

The __________ in the nucleus is where ribosomal RNA is synthesized.

nucleolus

The central __________ in plant cells is involved in storing substances and maintaining turgor pressure.

vacuole

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is termed the cell's __________ center.

factory

Lysosomes function as the __________ center of the cell, containing enzymes for digestion.

recycling

Vesicles transport materials within the __________.

cell

Cell membranes are described as __________ due to their selective permeability.

semi-permeable

The main role of the Golgi apparatus is to act as a __________ for processing and packaging proteins.

distribution center

The genetic material in prokaryotic cells typically exists as a __________ chromosome.

circular

Eukaryotic cells are categorized into three kingdoms: Animalia, Plantae, and __________.

Fungi

Microfilaments are the __________ type of cytoskeletal components.

thinnest

Chromatin is composed of DNA and __________.

protein

The movement facilitated by cilia and flagella results from the action of __________.

microtubules

DNA within mitochondria and chloroplasts is __________ and resembles that of prokaryotic cells.

circular

The __________ theory explains the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells.

endosymbiont

The __________ membrane structure assists in controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

plasma

Bacterial cells divide by a process called __________.

binary fission

The __________ is responsible for the organization of microtubules during cell division.

centrosome

Cell walls are composed of __________ in plant cells.

cellulose