final p6

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary related to medical terminology and anatomy from the lecture.

corpus luteum

A temporary endocrine structure involved in the menstrual cycle and early pregnancy.

cryptorchidism

A condition in which one or both of the testes fail to descend into the scrotum.

endometrium

The inner lining of the uterus that thickens during the menstrual cycle.

epididymitis

Inflammation of the epididymis, often causing pain.

follicle

A small sac in the ovary that contains an ovum.

gamete

A mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in reproduction.

gonad

The organ that produces gametes; ovaries in females and testes in males.

hysterectomy

Surgical removal of the uterus.

leiomyoma

A benign tumor of smooth muscle, commonly found in the uterus.

menarche

The first occurrence of menstruation.

menopause

The time that marks the end of a woman's menstrual cycles.

oophoroma

A tumor of the ovary.

ovum

The female reproductive cell or gamete.

semen

The fluid containing sperm and other substances.

spermatozoon

The male gamete or reproductive cell.

bursa

Small sacs that cushion joints between tendons and bones.

arthritis

Inflammation of one or more joints.

articulation

A joint where two bones meet.

arthroplasty

Surgical reconstruction or replacement of a joint.

diarthrosis

A type of joint that allows for free movement.

myeloma

A cancer that forms in a type of white blood cell called a plasma cell.

osteoblast

A cell that secretes the matrix for bone formation.

osteoporosis

A condition in which bones become weak and brittle.

synovial

Relating to the synovial fluid which lubricates joints.

acetylcholine

A neurotransmitter that plays a key role in muscle contraction.

actin

A protein that forms the contractile filaments of muscle cells.

agonist

A muscle that is responsible for producing a specific movement.

antagonist

A muscle that opposes the action of another.

motor unit

A motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates.

neurotransmitter

A chemical substance that transmits nerve signals across synapses.

tract

A bundle of nerve fibers in the central nervous system.