Principles of Human Disease Blood Unit 1

White Blood Cells

What part of blood is responsible for fighting infections?

Red Blood Cells

What part of blood is responsible for carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide to or from body cells?

Leukocytes

white blood cells are also known as

Plasma

What part of blood is responsible for carrying wastes, nutrients, and minerals?

Thrombocytes

platelets are also known as

Bone Marrow

What makes the contents of blood, excluding plasma?

Nutrients, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide

What does blood transport?

Plasma, Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, Platelets

What does blood consist of?

Haemoglobin

Molecule that combines with oxygen to transport it

Plasma

liquid portion of the blood

Lymph Nodes

Filter lymph, trapping bacteria and disease-causing microorganisms in the fluid.

Red Blood Cell

Contains hemoglobin, supplies body with oxygen

False

Platelets are cells

1 minute

About how long does it take blood to completely cycle through the body?

False

Red blood cells have a nucleus.

Anemia

A condition that develops when your blood lacks enough healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin

White Blood Cells

Fight bacteria and viruses by entering infected tissue, destroying bacteria/viruses and absorb dead blood cells

Lymph

Tissue Fluid that contains water and dissolved substances

O, AB, A, B

Write all answers that represent a "Blood Type"

Bone Marrow

Where are red blood cells produced?

Hematology

The study of blood in health and disease

O

What is the most common blood type ?

Platelets

Irregularly shaped cell fragments that help clot blood

Plasma

The liquid part of blood made of mostly water; nutrients, minerals and oxygen are dissolved

Intrinsic Factor

Pernicious anemia is a result of a decrease in

Decrease in platelets and erythrocytes

Clients with aplastic anemia have changes in cellular regulation of the bone marrow causing

Erythropoiesis

Ruptured RED cells replaced by new cells by a process called

Sickle Cell

Which type of anemia can cause chronic skin ulcers?

Menstruation, Malabsorption, Blood Loss, Low Dietary Intake of Iron

Iron deficient anemia can be caused by

36%

Anaemia may be defined in females when Hematocrit less than

Spleen

What organ(s) is affected by sickle cell anemia that impacts immunity?

Elevated

In cases of acute anemia, the heart rate is

Anemia and Microcytic RBC

If patient has RBC = 3 10x6/l, HGB = 7 g/dl, and MCV = 68 fl, what is the complete answer?

RBC (Red Blood Cells)

In anemia blood doesn't have sufficient amount of

Thalassemia

Following is Microcytic Anemia

Beans and Lentils

Common Source of iron is

Headache, Confusion, Fatigue

When anemia is severe, the client may complain of

Complete Blood Count

What is CBC

Decrease in oxygenation, clumping of cells in vessels

Abnormal sickled erythrocytes cause

Smaller than normal

In Microcytic anemia cell are (RBC)

Neutrophils

A nurse reviews the CBC of a healthy client. Which WBCs does the nurse expect to be the most numerous?

Ferritin

Iron is store in form of

Hematopoiesis

The term that refers to the formation of blood cells is

Mean Corpuscles Volume

MCV means

6 g/dl

Severe anemia is considered when the hemoglobin is less than

Mediterranean, Arabian Peninsula, South East Asia

Where is beta-thalassemia most common?

Infection

Which of the following is not an etiology(cause of disease) of Fe deficiency anemia?

Citric Acid, Ascorbic Acid

Write all the following that enhance Fe absorption

Post Viral Infection, Pregnancy, Ionizing Radiation, Idiopathic

Aplastic anemia can be acquired (more common) and inherited. What are some of the ways it can be acquired?

CBC and Blood Smear, Serum Iron, Serum Ferritin, TIBC

Which lab investigations would you order if you suspect Fe deficiency anemia?

Duodenum

Fe is absorbed in the

Associated thrombocytopenia, Neutropenia, Purpura

Aside from the gradual onset signs of anemia, what other clinical presentations would you see with aplastic anemia?

Bone Marrow Biopsy

How would you diagnose aplastic anemia?

Bone marrow transplant, Immune suppression

Write all treatment options for aplastic anemia

Serum Ferritin

What is the most important test for Fe stores?

Ability to absorb increases

TIBC increases in iron deficiency anemia because

Bound to transferrin

Where is most non-heme iron found in the body?

Plasma

Which is not a formed element of the blood

Erythrocytes

Another name for RBC is

Bone Marrow

Blood forms mostly in the \___ in adults

Hemoglobin

\___ carries oxygen in the blood

Anemia

The lack of red blood cells in the blood system is called

To carry oxygen

What is the function of hemoglobin?

Leukocytes

Another name for white blood cells is

To distribute neurotransmitters

Which of the following is not a function of blood?

Connective

Blood is classified as \___ tissue

Amount of oxygen present

Blood becomes bright red in color because of ?

A genetic abnormality in the amino acids

Sickle cell anemia is caused by

3 months

Red blood cells life span is about

Red Blood Cells

The most numerous formed element in the blood is

Oxygen, Blueish

Cyanosis of the skin is caused by a lack of ___ causing the skin to appear to be ___ in color.

Exchange gasses quicker

The shape of the RBC allows for a greater surface area so the cell can

Nucleus

Red Blood cell loses their \___ as they mature.

The production of blood cells

Erythropoiesis is

Hemolytic

Sickle cell anemia is classified as ___ anemia

Bone Marrow Transplant, Immune Suppression

What is the treatment options for aplastic anemia?

Low red blood cell count, periodic pain episodes, recurrent infections

Symptoms of Sickle Cell Include

HBB

The gene that codes for hemoglobin production is called

2

How many copies of the sickle cell gene are needed for a person to have the disorder?

Enlarged blood vessels

Which is NOT a symptom of sickle cell disease

Sickle Cell Disease

A group of disorders that affects hemoglobin, the molecule in red blood cells that delivers oxygen to cells throughout the body.

C-Shaped Cells

When you look at the cells of individuals with sickle cell anemia, what do you expect to see?

Oxygen

Sickle red blood cells have a decreased ability to carry

Right

Sickled RBC

Missense Substitution

What type of mutation causing SSA

Left

Normal RBC

Early Childhood

Sickle Cell Symptoms usually begin

Premature breakdown of RBCs, stiff and inflexible RBCs get stuck in small blood vessels, oxygen deprivation (lack of) to organs, high blood pressure

Symptoms of sickle cell anemia are caused by

Hemolytic

Sickle cell anemia is classified as a ____ anemia

Transport, Maintenance, Prevention

Which of the following are functions of blood?

Erythropoiesis

Ruptured RED cells replaced by new cells by a process called

55%

Plasma makes up___ of blood

7\.35-7.45

____ is the normal pH of blood

hematopoiesis

The term that refers to the formation of blood cells is

120 days

Erythrocytes survive around ____due to being anucleate

anucleuate

Erythrocytes are

55% plasma, 45% formed elements

What is blood made up of?

Erythrocytes and Leukocytes

Formed elements are made up of

when a pregnancy with a Rh-positive fetus RBC is destroyed by anti-Rh antibodies from the mother’s blood

Hemolytic disease of the newborn is

centrifuge

The Separation of blood plasma and formed elements is used by a