Ww1

What did russia sturggle with

isolation, backwardness, embarassed by defeat in a war with japan, 1904-1905

who suceeded to the throne for germany

Kaiser willhelm 2 suceeded to the throne - 1899 kaiser started a huge naval programe in britains power

What happend in decline of ottoman empire

1300- turkane sjuslims “ sick man of europe

causes of ww 1 what was main of m

MIlitarism the ir led to lrge advanced militaries in europe, nations glorified military power and kept an army prepared for war( called militarism) - having strong army helped increase patriotism among ciitzens

alliance

Triple alliance- germany italy and austria hungary, and triple entente was brit france and russia

nationalism

rivarlies due to militarism and impoeralism increased natonalism among eu powers, eu rivals tried to maintain a balance of peower while also trying to overpower each other- unified people in the nation and divided people in weaking empire. Austria hungary was an ethnic hodgepodge

who were the balkans an dwhat did they do

servia greece albaina bulgaria romania borke from ottoman empire to create new nations(freedom)

Who were the balkans controlled by and who annexed bosnia

balkans were controlled by austria hjngary and ottoman empire, 1908 austria hungary annexed bosnia, slava in serbia portected apeal to russia, austria hungary threatned war, - russia backed down, furter humilited

What was I

Imperalism eu nations compedted fiercly for colonies in africa and asia, the competion increased rivraly and mistrust - congress of berlin 1894 - lead to scrambe for africa

what was the extra a in main, that creates mania

assasination - serbia vowed to take bosnia from hungary, on june 28 1914 arch duke franz gerdiand gets shot by gaurilo princip a bosnian serb

who was franz ferdinand and why was he killed

franz ferdinand was the heir to the austria hungarian emperire ,killed cause he was next in line

what did germany pledge to ah

pledges military assistence if ah goest ot war agiainst russia

What did russia do then

orders full mobilization of ites troops to help serbia to ally. Russiea is connected with france and serbia

belgium

august 2 fermany belgium declare acess to german troops. king albert 1 of belgium denied permisson due to supposed to remain neutral

why did italy swithc sides

only because due to fear of france, allied and parts of austria hungary empire

Who was otto van bismark and what was he called

1815-1898 was called iron chancellor

What did germany become under bismarck and what did he initiatie

ger became modern unified nation under the leadership of the iron chanceller otto bismarcl, iniitatied decisive wars with denmark austria and france to unite 39 indeependent german states under prussian leadership. although an arch conservation, bismarck introduced progressive reforms

what were his political services like

in 1847 he married and was sent to berline as a delegate to new prussian parliament where he emerged as reacitonary voice against the liberal anti autcrate revs of 1848. from 1851 to 1862 bismarck served a series of ambasadorships at the german confederation in frankfurt in saint petersburg and in paris

who was cheif minister and prussian king

william 1 became prussian king in 1861 and a year later apointed bismarck as his cheif miniserer - through technicallihng bismarck was really in charge

What did bismarck do and why was he called iron chanceller

bismarck was not afraid to trample the german constitution underfoot nor to practice, what became known as real politics in order to acheive his goals

otto and denmarck

he attacked denmarck to gain the german speaking territories of scwesiwg holsteins and 2 years later provoked emperor franz jose into starting in the austrian persion war, and at the time bismarck wisely declined to levy a war indemily against the austrians

the schleswig holstein affair

sincce army imporved bismarck determined to put instrument to power to use, two small states swelsig and holsteig were ruled by denmark. in 1864 bismarck took oppurtunity to alley with austria and stop both schwesig holstein from danes

battle of sadowa

in 1866 prussia moves troops into holstein and austria declared war along with some other german states, prussia destroyed austrian army at battle of sadowa, austria capitulated and purssia faced north german confedertaion

what was only roadblock to complete prussian dominance,

germany was 4 small german states in south of napoleon of franceern germany and the strong disaproval. to provoke a war, to provide war with france

what was the ems telegram

bismarck was less circumspect in his conduct of franco prussia war of 1870-71- seeing thr oppurtunityto unify gemanys loose conferations agianst an outside enemy , bistmarck strived political tensions between france and prussia

Franco prussian war

resulting franco prussian war was relatively short, prussia invaded france in 1871 and a few battles defeated france decisevly at the batle of sedah, napoleon 3 avdicated, throught the french gov fought on it was finally forfed to surrender at siege of paris, remainder of german stades excluding were annexed to germany which now became an empire under william 1 and ruled largely by iron hanceller

french defeated

prussia levied an indemity, annexed french border provincess of alsace and lorraice and crowned william emperor of unified germany in the hall of mirrors at versailes

aftermath

austria was the main loser in the unificuation of both germany and italy, but hte of ww1 nothing would be left of the austrian empire but a tiny german state that would be gobbled up by hitler germany in archauliss

bismarcks legacy

respected and honored by the time of his death eight years later, bismarck quickly became quasi mythic figure invoked by a political leader calling for strong terman leadership of for war

what was bismarcks plan

he decided to isolate france by allying with other countries - 1879 bismarck foreced the duel alliance between germany austria hungery, italy joined and that was triple alliance

What did germany continue to make allies with

made a treaty with russia in 1881

by the end of the war what did the central powers look like

austria hungary, germany bulgaria, and otttoman empire

by the end of the war what did the allied powers look like

russia, italy france us gb japan

what happend in the western front

1914 - stalemate along the border of france

what was the scheliffen plan

germanys plan to win the war was take out france, then rush east to fight russia

what was the first battle of marne

germany was on track to defeat france, made it almost all the way to paris, sep 5 french armies regrouped, and then 600 soldiers rushed, and then germany had to retreat

what were the effects of the marn plan

destroyed the scheiffen plan- russia had already invaded germany, germany was to to fight a war in two fronts afterall

what was the trench warfare

stalemate, on western front, troops dig trenches to protect themselves from fire

what were some experiences of the trench warfare

some soldiers lived in the trenches for weeks or months, lived with rats, dead bodies, disease and starvation, led to hug loss of human life for little land gain

War on eastern front

meanwhile troops were alos battling between german and russian border

what were russias struggles

by 1916 russias army was on life support, shor on food guns, ammunition supplies, one thing russians did have was huge pop, though russian army was not strategicallly sound or well equipped, they tied up german forces to east, suffered massive death tolls

In 1881, Germany formed the Three Emperors' League (Dreikaiserbund) with Austria-Hungary and Russia. 

who came to power to germany after bismarck

kaiser wilhelm mostly(see if leo von caprari is)

many

When the Reinsurance Treaty with Germany lapsed in 1890, Russia formed a military alliance with France in 1894, which geographically posed a threat to Germany by potentially forcing it into a two-front war

what was the power spark that lit the power keg of europe

The "spark" that lit the powder keg of Europe, leading to World War I, was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, on June 28, 1914. 

Why was Franz Ferdinand assassinated? Which MAIN cause?

Franz Ferdinand was assassinated because Serbian nationalists wanted to free Bosnia from Austria-Hungarian rule and establish a unified South Slav state, so they saw his visit to Sarajevo as an opportunity to strike against Austrian authority, triggering a chain of events that led to the outbreak of World War I. 

What country was allied with Serbia?

In World War I, Serbia was allied with Russia, France, and Great Britain (and its Empire), which together formed the Allied Powers. 

when austria hungary declared war on serbia in july 1914, russia mobilizaed its troops on what two other countries

When Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia in July 1914, Russia mobilized its troops against both Germany and Austria-Hungary, triggering a chain reaction that led to World War I. 

Germany declared war on Russia and what other country?

In 1914, Germany declared war on Russia on August 1st and then declared war on France on August 3rd, initiating World War I. 

What country was dragged into WWI as an ally of France?

Russia was dragged into WWI as an ally of France, due to the Franco-Russian Alliance formed in 1894 to counter the perceived threat of Germany, and Russia's support of Serbia, which led to a chain reaction of declarations of war. 

What countries were in the Central Powers? Will join will during the war?

germany and ah, ottoman and bulgaria joined later in war

countries in allied and who joined later

gb russia and france, us japan and italy joined later

haciendes

haciendes were lasge self sug\fficeng estatew, usually hundred acres of land, before mexican rev mroe thn halof the othe mexicans rural poplation was part of theis system

explain all 4 parts

diaz was first king, but then madero took throne for a short time and then huerta, and then caranza but he betrayed pancho villa and zapata

What were mexican murals driven by

b the public for the public

characterestics of mrual

promo of indegenious mexican culture, aspects of mexican rev communit struggles for social justice, mixed rqac mez to identify latin american and american cultural history