ecotourism module 1

mass tourism

alternative tourism.

Tourism can be categorized into two main groups

MASS TOURISM

Is an organized movement of large number or people to specialized locations. masses of people going to popular destinations, often during peak holiday season

Most popular form of tourism since it is often

the most inexpensive way to go on holiday

mass tourism

ALTERNATIVE TOURISM

Involves small groups of people or individuals travelling to places that are not popular tourist

destinations

cultural tourism,

nature-based tourism

adventure tourism;

Alternative tourism can be categorized into three groups

Since alternative tourism is an individual experience,

you can plan and create your experience according to your

own preference, in contrast to mass tourism, where your tour is typically planned by someone else.

umbrella

Alternative tourism is an ————term for all forms of travels opposed to mass tourism.

Ecotourism on the context of alternative tourism

Small scale

Locally controlled type of nature-based tourism

Complement the local cultural landscape

socio-cultural outcomes

Before Alternative Tourism is more focused on the

Ecotourism

is a form of alternative tourism that focus on the natural environment

1980’s

Ecotourism was coined to fill the void on the environment

aspect

Héctor Ceballos-Lascuráin 1983

“Ecotourism is that tourism that involves travelling to relatively

undisturbed natural areas with the specific object of studying, admiring

and enjoying the scenery and its wild plants and animals, as well as any

existing cultural aspects (both past and present) found in these areas.

Ecotourism from the IUCN

“Environmentally responsible travel to natural areas, in order to enjoy

and appreciate nature (and accompanying cultural features, both past

and present) that promote conservation, have a low visitor impact and

provide for beneficially active socio-economic involvement of local

peoples.”

The International Ecotourism Society

“responsible travel to natural areas that

conserves the environment, sustains the well-being of the local

people, and involves interpretation and education” (TIES, 2015).

ECOTOURISM is a FORM OF TOURISM that is

NATURE BASED

ENVIRONMENTALLY EDUCATED

SUSTAINABLY MANAGEd

Attraction

based on the natural environment

or some element thereof

Classifications of Element of the natural

environment:

1. charismatic megafauna

2. charismatic megaflora

3. Megaliths

cultural attractions

Associated with natural attractions is the

environmentally educated

Ecotourism as

learning component

interpretation:

Off site interpretation

On site interpretation

Sustainable activities

doing activity in the same way or similar way for indefinite future in

3 main aspect of sustainable activities

Environmentally

Socially and culturally

Economic

CATEGORIES OF NATURE-BASED TOURISM

3S

ADVENTURE TOURISM

WILDLIFE TOURISM

CAPTIVE TOURISM

EXTRACTIVE TOURISM

HEALTH TOURISM

ECOTOURISM

WILDLIFE TOURISM

Nature-based tourism that characterizes as being based on

encounters with non-domesticated animals to non-captive and

captive settings.

HYBRIDS

FORMS OF TOURISM DEAL WITH SUCH COMPLEX AND

MULTIFACETED SITUATION.

Known also as:

ACE Tourism

NEAT

HYBRIDS Known also as:

ACE Tourism

NEAT

3S

SEA

SAND

SUN

CONSUMPTIVE TOURISM

perceived as involving tangible products

extracted from the natural environment, and is associated with

hunting and fishing

NON-CONSUMPTIVE TOURISM

Providing intangible experience

WHO IS AN ECOTOURIST

broad categories:

hard ecotourist

Soft ecotourist

HARD ECOTOURIST

Has preference for physically active and

challenging experiences that involve close

personal contact with nature and do not require

outside services or facilities

SOFT ECOTOURIST

LESS TAXING ACTIVITY AND SUPPORTED BY

ACCOMMODATION, EATING, AND TOILET FACILTIES,

PARKING LOTS AND OTHER SERVICES

Lindberg (1991) Types of Ecotourists

1. Hardcore

2. Dedicated

3. Mainstream

4. Casual

Hardcore-

scientific researches or members of a travel group

specifically designed for education, environmental, restoration or

similar purposes

Dedicated-

People who takes trip especially to see protected areas

and who want to understand local, natural, and cultural history

- tolerant of limited amenities

Mainstream-

people who visit Amazon , gorilla park, or other destination primarily to take an

unusual trip

-visit to unique natural area

Casual-

people who partake of nature incidentally, such as through a

day trip during a broader vacation

Types of Ecotourists (Kosler)

DIY Ecotourists

Ecotourist on Tour

School group or scientific group

DIY ECOTOURIST

BACKPACKERS

High degree of flexibility

BACKPACKERS

Largest percentage of all ecotourist. There individual stays in a

variety of different types of accommodations and have the mobility

to visit any number of setting

ECOTOURIST IN TOUR

Expects high degree of organization with their tour. And travel to

exotic destinations

School group or scientific group

Scientific research of an organization, stays on one region for

extensive period of time, willing to endure harsher site conditions

than other ecotourists.

Ecotourism Activities

Birdwatching

celestial ecotourism

Wildlife spotting

Botanical Excursions

Trekking

Camping

Speleology

Archeology

Adventure tourism

Nature Photography

Nature painting

Agritourism (rural Tourism)

whalewatching