Drugs Affecting the Central Nervous System: Stimulants

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms and concepts related to CNS stimulants, their mechanisms, indications, contraindications, and patient education.

CNS Stimulants

Drugs that facilitate initiation and transmission of nerve impulses, often used to treat ADHD, narcolepsy, obesity, and migraines.

Sympathomimetic Drugs

Another name for CNS stimulants, indicating their ability to mimic the effects of the sympathetic nervous system.

Dopamine

An excitatory neurotransmitter involved in the functioning of dopaminergic drugs used in treating CNS disorders.

Norepinephrine

An excitatory neurotransmitter used in adrenergic drugs affecting the central nervous system.

Serotonin

An excitatory neurotransmitter related to serotonergic drugs, important in mood regulation and migraine treatment.

ADHD

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, characterized by persistent hyperactivity, short attention span, and impulsiveness.

Narcolepsy

A sleep disorder associated with excessive daytime sleepiness and sleep attacks.

Amphetamines

A class of CNS stimulants used to treat ADHD and narcolepsy, with potential for tolerance and abuse.

Triptans

Serotonin receptor agonists used to treat migraines by causing vasoconstriction of cranial arteries.

Contraindications

Conditions or factors that serve as reasons to withhold medical treatment due to the harm that it could cause the patient.

Drug Holiday

A periodic cessation of drug use to maintain sensitivity to the medication and reduce adverse effects.

Adverse Effects

Unintended side effects of drugs, which may include anxiety, tachycardia, and weight loss with CNS stimulants.

Patient Education

Information provided to patients regarding medication use, side effects, lifestyle considerations, and when to seek help.

Caffeine Interaction

Caffeine may increase the effects of amphetamines, leading to heightened stimulation.

MOAI

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors, a type of antidepressant that can interact with stimulants.

Vasoconstriction

Narrowing of the blood vessels, which can occur with the action of triptans during migraine treatment.

Black Box Warning

A stringent warning by the FDA about the high potential for abuse associated with certain stimulant medications.