Gas Laws

Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Gases

Describes behavior and properties of an ideal gas with five major assumptions

Density

Assumption #1: Gases’ large numbers of tiny particles are spread out, giving them a low _.

Motion, kinetic energy

Assumption #2: Particles are in constant __ and have _. Separate answers with a comma

Elastic

Assumption #3: Collisions of particles do not lose kinetic energy. They are _.

Gas particles

Assumption #4: __ do not attract or repel each other

Temperature

Assumption #5: A gas particle’s average KE is directly proportional to its _

High pressure, low temperature, polar structure

Which three two-word things can cause non-deal gas behavior? List in alphabetical order

Cooling it, forcing it close together

Which two things can be done to liquefy a gas?

Ability to expand, compressible, low density, undergoes diffusion

What are the four physical properties of gases? List in alphabetical order

Inversely

Mass and velocity are _ related

Pressure

The amount of force per unit of area

Collide with the walls of their container

Pressure is created when gas molecules _.

Barometer

What is pressure measured with

1. 14.7 pounds per square inch

2. 1 atm

3. 760 mm Hg

4. 760 torr

5. 101325 pascals

6. 101.325 kilopascals

List standard pressure in 6 different units

22.4L

How much volume does every ideal gas take up under STP

Molecules, atoms, moles

Quantity of matter can be measured in (list 3):

Pressure and volume are inversely related

Boyle’s Law

Breathing

Real life example of Boyle’s Law

Temperature and volume are directly related

Charles’ Law

Hot air balloon

Real life example of Charles’ Law

Temperature and pressure are directly related

Gay-Lussac’s Law

Real pressure vs gauge pressure, heated aerosol container

Real life examples of Gay-Lussac’s Law

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

Combined Gas Law Formula

PV = nRT

Combining the laws of Avogadro, Boyle, Charles, and Gay-Lussac, the Ideal Gas Law Formula is:

0.0821 L*atm/K*mol, 62.4 L*torr/K*mol

R in atm is __, and R in torr is _.

D = mmP/RT

D Formula

mm = gRT/PV

Molar Mass Formula

Lower

Do solids have a lower or higher kinetic energy than gases?

Stronger

Do solids have a stronger or weaker attractive force between particles?

KE = 0.5mv²

Kinetic Energy Formula

Directly

KE and temperature are _ related