senior seminar client interactions

self-efficacy

one's belief in his or her ability to successfully engage in and perform a specific behavior (influenced by experience, persuasion, physiological state)

vicarious experience

exercise leaders, model behavior

communication

verbal and non verbal, consists of body language, positive communication

social cognitive theory

based on principle of reciprocal determinism (interaction between individual and environment), self efficacy important

transtheoretical model

individuals are in different stages of readiness that require different interventions

stages of transtheoretical model

precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance

precontempation

no intention to be active in next 6 months

contemplation

intending to be regularly active in next 6 months

preparation

intending to be regularly active in next 30 days

action

regularly active for <6 months

maintenance

regularly active >6 months

health belief model

individuals beliefs about susceptibility to disease and perception of benefits of avoiding disease

constructs of health belief model

perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, self-efficacy

self determination theory

self determination or autonomy, demonstration of mastery, ability to experience social interactions

theory of planned behavior

intention to perform a behavior is primary determinant of actual behavior

social ecological model

environmental, attitude, public policy, social all influence behavior

self-monitoring

awareness of positive and negative behaviors and cognitions (ex: physical activity monitors)

goal setting

explicit goals reduce ambiguity (goal achievement more likely), SMART acronym

instrumental social support

providing tangible practical assistance for goal achievement

emotional social support

expressing encouragement, empathy, concern

information social support

giving instructions, advice, feedback

companionship social support

providing sense of belonging and connection

self-control

ability to override one response to make another response possible, limited resource = willpower

emotional regulation

positive emotions help motivation, negative emotions may promote or make motivation worse

factors of comunication

active listening, body language, open ended questions

motivational interviewing

person centered, intends to facilitate autonomy and strengthen motivation for change

4 core skills of motivational interviewing

open questions, affirmations, reflections, summaries

common barriers to physical activity

environmental barriers, body-related barriers, exercise environment barriers

special populations

cultural diversity, youth, older adults, chronic diseases, obesity

operant conditioning

behaviors followed by reward more likely to be repeated behaviors

self control principle

limited resource, goal to minimize amount of self control needed to maintain lifestyle modification

false hope syndrome

setting unrealistic goals

planning fallacy

people consistently underestimate time, energy, and resources required to complete given task

stress management

exercise, enhanced social support, improved self efficacy to decrease stress and improve health

weight management/loss

well balanced diet, gradual weight loss, 1200 kcals a day, bigger people lose weight faster, weight loss decreases over time

weight management - gain

increased protein intake, gradual gain, caloric intake +400 kcals

exercise and weight management

lack of PA factor, aerobic training and resistance training for fat loss, elevated RMR (epoc... exercise post oxygen consumption)