Bacterial Diseases: Cocci of Medical Importance

Flashcards covering the key bacterial diseases and characteristics of cocci, based on the lecture notes.

Gram-positive cocci are also known as __.

Staphylococci and Streptococci.

Characteristics of Staphlyococcus

gram +, grape-like clusters; facultative anaerobes; catalase positive; can withstand high salt concentrations (7.5 -10 %), extremes in pH, drying, and relatively high temperature (60 °C for 60 mins).

_____ is considered the most important human pathogen of the Staphylococci group.

S. aureus

____ cause the coagulation of blood plasma to put a layer of fibrin around cells. Which may protect the cells from phagocytosis in body. Not just produced by S. aureus, also produced by S. intermedius (a pathogen in dogs). Virulence factors of Staphylococcus.

coagulase.

The toxin that damages intestinal epithelial cells, causing secretory diarrhea is called __.

enterotoxins.

The disease caused by the major human pathogen of Staphylococcus that can arise from vaginal infections is known as __.

toxic shock syndrome.

Streptococcus pyogenes is associated with __, which can lead to kidney damage.

rheumatic fever.

Clinical symptoms of strep throat include swelling, redness, soreness, and __ on the tonsils.

pus nodules.

Streptokinase in Streptococcus acts to digest __ in clots.

fibrin.

Bacillus anthracis is the causative agent of __.

anthrax.

The __ produced by Clostridium tetani causes strong muscle contractions.

neurotoxin.

The primary treatment for food poisoning caused by S. aureus is __.

fluid and electrolyte replacement.

The major cause of otitis media in children is __.

Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Escherichia coli strain O157:H7 is associated with severe __ and can lead to kidney damage.

gastroenteritis.

The disease caused by Bartonella henselae, transmitted through cat scratches, is known as __.

cat scratch fever.

Virulence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae is enhanced by its __ which helps in adhesion to mucous membranes.

fimbriae.

The __ group of streptococci is known for causing dental caries in humans.

Viridians.

The primary reservoirs for Yersinia pestis include __, which can harbor the bacteria without dying from infection.

rodents.

The toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum is considered to be the most potent known __.

toxin.

Infections caused by __ usually result from the introduction of skin breaches, especially in immunocompromised individuals.

coagulase-negative staphylococci.

Virulence factors of Staphylococcus include \\, which coagulates blood plasma.

coagulase.

The toxin that damages intestinal epithelial cells, causing secretory diarrhea is called \\.

enterotoxins.

The disease caused by the major human pathogen of Staphylococcus that can arise from vaginal infections is known as \\.

toxic shock syndrome.

Streptococcus pyogenes is associated with ___, which can lead to kidney damage.

rheumatic fever.

Clinical symptoms of strep throat include swelling, redness, soreness, and ____ on the tonsils.

pus nodules.

Streptokinase in Streptococcus acts to digest ___ in clots.

fibrin.

Bacillus anthracis is the causative agent of ____.

anthrax.

The _____ produced by Clostridium tetani causes strong muscle contractions.

neurotoxin.

The primary treatment for food poisoning caused by S. aureus is ____.

fluid and electrolyte replacement.

The major cause of otitis media in children is ____.

Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Escherichia coli strain O157:H7 is associated with severe ____ and can lead to kidney damage.

gastroenteritis.

The disease caused by Bartonella henselae, transmitted through cat scratches, is known as ____.

cat scratch fever.

Virulence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae is enhanced by its ____ which helps in adhesion to mucous membranes.

fimbriae.

Infections caused by ____ usually result from the introduction of skin breaches, especially in immunocompromised individuals.

coagulase-negative staphylococci.

Streptococcus pyogenes is commonly identified as Lancefield Group __ Streptococcus.

A.

The ____ of Streptococcus pyogenes is a significant virulence factor that mediates adherence and resistance to phagocytosis.

M protein.

Many pathogenic streptococci, including S. pyogenes, exhibit ____ hemolysis, characterized by a clear zone of complete red blood cell lysis on blood agar.

beta.