WGU Network and Security Foundations - Network Commands

Traceroute

used to trace the route an IP packet takes to a destination. It displays each hop (next router) in a numerical list with the hop's IP address and the time it takes to receive the packet.

nslookup

Determines the IP address of a domain name

Ping

Determines IP address and latency in network

Traceroute

also known as tracert

netstat

Display IP ports currently open on the Windows OS

Whois

information about a webserver including contact information

Address Resolution Protocol

diaplays IP to physicial (MAC) address mappings for hosts that have been discovered in the ARP cache.

ARP

Can be used to see what a Layer 2 MAC address corresponds to in a Layer 3 IP address.

Traceroute

displays each hop (next router) in a numerical list with the hop's IP address and the time it takes to receive the packet.

Ping

options for setting attributes of the request, like the maximum TTL, IPv4/IPv6, and the number of requests to send.

Tracepath

similar to traceroute or tracert in that it displays the path taken by a packet from its source to its destination. Can be used by any user.

ARP

The hosts need to be on the local network.

Nmap

Network Mapper

Ping

sends an internet control message protocol (ICMP) echo request to a host and listens for the reply

Nmap

scans networks to see what it can find in terms of hosts and open ports.

ARP

The hosts need to be on the local network, as these addresses are discovered by broadcasting to everyone on the network and noting the reply from the owner

Nmap

Commonly used to determine what is deployed on a network for vulnerability analysis, security scans, and related activities.

Ping

one of the most basic tools for testing connectivity to other hosts

ipconfig

provides the user with the IP, subnet mask, and default gateway for each network adapter by default with the /all option information, such as MAC address, DHCP status, and lease information.

ifconfig

similar to ipconfig, used to configure the kernel network interfaces.

ARP

can be used to add, remove, or modify entries in the ARP cache.

netstat

displays information about active ports and their state

scp

command is used to securely copy files between servers, leveraging SSH (secure shell) for authentication and encryption

finger

displays information about a user or users on a remote system, including things such as last log-in time and username

tcpdump

displays TCP/IP packets and other network packets that are being transmitted over the network system

telnet/ssh

allow a user to manage accounts and devices remotely