Human Bioscience: Normal Body Function (214101)

These flashcards cover essential vocabulary related to human bioscience, including definitions of key terms and concepts discussed in the lecture.

Homeostasis

The maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment for optimum functioning.

Anatomy

The science of body structure and the relationship between these structures.

Physiology

The science of body function, explaining why a specific structure performs its function.

Cellular Level

The level of organization where atoms and molecules combine to form cells.

Tissue Level

The level of organization where different cells combine to form tissues.

Organ Level

The level of organization where different tissues combine to form organs.

System Level

The level of organization where groups of organs with similar functions form a system.

Negative Feedback System

A feedback mechanism that reverses the stimulus to maintain homeostasis.

Positive Feedback System

A feedback mechanism that enhances the stimulus, leading to an increase in response.

Epithelial Tissue

A tissue type that covers body surfaces, lines hollow organs, and forms glands.

Connective Tissue

A tissue type that supports and binds together other tissues.

Muscular Tissue

A tissue type that moves and generates heat.

Nervous Tissue

A tissue type that communicates through nerve impulses.

Microvilli

Finger-like projections from the cell surface that increase surface area for absorption.

Cilia

Hair-like extensions of the cell membrane involved in movement of substances.

Flagella

Long singular extensions of the cell membrane involved in movement, for example in sperm.

Plasma Membrane

The cell membrane that surrounds the cell, controlling the movement of materials in and out.

Mitochondria

Organelles known as the 'powerhouse' of the cell, producing energy in the form of ATP.

Ribosomes

Sites of protein synthesis within the cell.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

A network of membranes involved in the production and processing of proteins and lipids.

Golgi Complex

An organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages cell products for distribution.

Lysosomes

Organelles that contain digestive enzymes to break down waste materials and cellular debris.