Intelligence and Creativity- chap 8

psychometric approach

intelligence = capacity to think rationally, make intentional actions, interact with the environment, and use fluid/crystalized intelligence

CHC Theory

intelligence = hierarchy w/ general ability factor at the top. followed by broad cognitive abilities

test structure

full scale IQ = verbal comprehension, visual spacial, fluid reasoning, working memory, and processing speeds

key features of IQ tests

binet simon=mental age. stanford binet scale= intelligence quotient(MA/CA x 100)

normal distribution

95% of people score 70-130 on IQ test. below 70 indicates intellectual disability. above 130 indicates giftedness.

intellectual disability

characterized by IQ <70, limitations in adaptive behaviors, onset before 18

nature vs nurture in an IQ context

genetics accounts for 50% of IQ variation, parental IQ and environmental factors play small roles. genetic factors set the IQ range and environment influences the outcome.

gardners theory

multiple intelligences exist(8 distinct), challenging a single IQ score belief

sternbergs triarchic theory:

includes practical, analytic, and creative intelligence

successful intelligence

adapting, optimizing strengths, and achieving goals

bayley scales

measuring infant intelligence. DM does not often correlate to future IQ

stability of IQ

iq scores stabilize around age 4, can fluctuate due to environment

causes of gain/loss

gain: stimulating gain

losses: unstable environment and cumulative-deficit hypothesis

creativity

ability to produce novel, appropriate responses, requirements divergent thinking

flynn effect

average IQ scores have increased over time due to improved education, nutrition, and living standards.

iq and achievement

IQ correlates with school grades, SES is a strong predictor, also linked to occupational success