first degree burns
damage the epidermis
second degree burns
damage the epidermis and dermis
third degree burns
damages all three layers of skin
cool water, sterile cloth
how should you treat a first degree burn?
cool water, sterile bandage, monitor for shock
how should you treat a second degree burn?
call 911, no water, loosely cover with bandage, lay victim down
how should you treat a third degree burn?
convulsions / seizures
involuntary muscle contractions throughout the body
constrain
911
head
vitals
fill in the blank
how do you treat convulsions / seizures:
Do not hold down or ________ the victim
Call ____
Support their ______
Monitor their _______
dislocation
when a bone is forced out of its normal position at a joint
immobilize and joint
cold
fill in the blank
how do you treat a dislocation?:
________ above or below the _____ with a splint
Use ______ compress for swelling
touch
CPR
recovery
fill in the blank
how do you treat electric shock?:
Never _____ a victim in contact with electric shock
Monitor vitals in the case of needing _____
Place in ______ position and wait for help
fainting
a temporary loss of consciousness that is caused by too little blood flow to the brain
head and feet
loosen
vitals
fill in the blank
how do you treat fainting?:
Lower the victim’s ___ and raise their __________
________ tight clothing and apply cool cloths
Monitor ______
closed fracture
broken bone does not break through the skin
circulation
rigid
above and below
swelling and vitals
fill in the blank
how do you treat a closed fracture?:
Check for ________
Place a _____ object by the broken bone
Support the injured area by splinting ______ and _______
Monitor ______ and ________
open fracture
broken bone does break through the skin
bleeding
sterile cloths and bandages
soft
fill in the blank
how do you treat an open fracture?:
Call 911 if ________ is severe
Cover wound with __________ and _____________
Immobilize the injury with a _____ object if possible
rigid splint
use a firm object
anatomic splint
uses another body part to splint an injury
soft splint
uses a soft object to splint an injury
frostbite
extreme cold causes crystals to form in body tissue
warm
loosely
rub
heat
fill in the blank
if you are frostbitten, affected tissue will die, so you should…
Apply ______ water to affected area
_______ cover with sterile bandages
Do not ____ affected area
Keep by a _____ source and encourage the victim to move
hyperthermia
any health issue resulting from overexposure to heat
heat
cool
stretch
fill in the blank
when dealing with heat cramps, you should…
Move them out of _____
Give _____ water
________ or massage cramped muscles
cool
loosen
water and heat stroke
fill in the blank
when dealing with heat exhaustion, you should…
Move to a _____ location
______ clothing and apply a cool compress
Give ______and watch for signs of ___________
911
cryotherapy
cool
shock
fill in the blank
when dealing with a heat stroke, you should…
Call ______
Begin ________ (loosen clothing, cold compress, cold water immersion, fanning)
Give _____ water
Monitor for _______
cryotherapy
loosen clothing, cold compress, cold water immersion, fanning
hyperventilation
rapid breathing that lowers carbon dioxide
hyperventilation
what is caused by emotional problems, fear, anxiety, etc.?
calm
sit and slow
bag or hands
head
fill in the blank
how should you care for someone who is hyperventilating?
Attempt to ______ victim
_____ and _____ breathing
Breath into _____ or _______
Lower _______ if they feel dizzy
hypothermia
body temperature drops way below normal
shivering, stiffness, slow movement, lethargic
list some signs of hypothermia.
911
warm
gradually
wet
fill in the blank
how should you care for hypothermia?
Call ______
Move to _______ location
_________ increase body temp
Remove _____ clothing; give warm drink
nosebleeds
what is caused by injury, infection, strenuous activity, high blood pressure, high altitudes, dry air, etc.?
forward
pressure
cold
fill in the blank
how should you care for nosebleeds?
Lean slightly _________
Apply direct ________ to nose
Apply ____ compress to help slow bleeding
911 or poison control
instructions
shock and breathing
fill in the blank
how should you care for someone with poisoning?
Call _____ or ____________________
Follow ______________ on label of poisonous substance
Monitor victim for ______, loss of ____________, or unconsciousness
distance
fresh
breathing
fill in the blank
when dealing with inhaled toxins, you should…
Stay at a safe __________ until scene is secure
Move victim to _______ air
Monitor ___________ and give treatment
gloves
remove
911
fill in the blank
when dealing with absorbed toxins, you should…
Wear ________ if possible
__________ clothing from affected areas
Call ______ and monitor breathing
pit vipers
family of snakes which infects hemolytic venom (attacks circulatory system) through fangs
hemolytic venom
attacks circulatory system (pit vipers)
coral snakes
inflict neurotoxic venom (attacks nervous system) by chewing, not use of fangs
neurotoxic venom
attacks nervous system (coral snake)
911
antivenin
below
loosen
monitor
clean
away
fill in the blank
how should you care for snake bites?
Call _______
Remember what snake looked like to determine the type of __________ to use
Keep the area still and ________ the heart
_________ tight clothing
________ breathing / circulation
________ wound if possible
Wrap with elastic bandage starting ______ from the heart
bleeding
wash
medical
fill in the blank
when dealing with animal bites, you should…
Control severe _________
_______ wound and cover with sterile bandages
Seek _______ treatment
tetanus
bacterial disease from animal bites
rabies
viral disease contracted through animal saliva
stinger
wash
cold
fill in the blank
when dealing with insect stings, you should…
Remove the __________
_______ area and cover
Apply a ______ compress
remove
wash
medical
lymes
fill in the blank
when dealing with tick bites, you should…
________ the tick
_______ area
Seek ___________ attention if part of the tick remains in the skin
Watch for signs of _______ disease
strain
a muscle or tendon is stretched to the point of tearing
sprain
ligament is stretched or torn around a joint; might require surgery
RICE
what should you use for a strain / sprain?
Rest, Immobilize, Cold, Elevate
what does RICE mean?
closed wound (contusion)
bruise; can cause internal bleeding
open wound
any break in the skin can lead to infection
incision
smooth edged cut
laceration
jagged edged cut
abrasions
scrapes
punctures
pointed objects piercing through the skin
pressure
severe
911
fill in the blank
how should you care for wounds?
Apply _________
Clean wound if bleeding is not _______
Call ______ if bleeding is severe