Studied by 1 person
Endocrine system, Blood chart, Histology, Heart, Vascular system, and Microscope
Endocrine Glands
Pineal Gland
Pituitary Gland
Thyroid Gland
Parathyroid Gland
Pancreas
Adrenal Gland
Pineal Gland
Produces melatonin
Epithalamus
Pinacocytes
Pituitary Gland
Posterior Pituitary Gland
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Decrease urine production
Stimulates thirst
Constricts blood vessels
Oxytocin (OT)
Uterine contraction
Milk ejection
Emotional bonding
Anterior Pituitary Gland
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Stimulates the release of thyroid hormone (TH)
Metabolism
Prolactin (PRL)
Milk production
Mammary gland growth in females
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Females:
Regulates ovarian development
Estrogen secretion
Males:
Sperm development
Testosterone secretion
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
Causes release of corticotropin by adrenal gland
Growth Hormone (GH)
Causes liver to secrete insulin-like growth factor 1 and 2
Thyroid Gland
Effects metabolic rate
Parathyroid Gland
Helps regulate calcium rates in the blood
Need calcium for movement and muscle contraction
Skeletal muscle
Pancreas
Regulates blood sugar levels
Releases insulin to lower blood sugar
Releases glucagon to raise blood sugar
Adrenal Gland
Detects the levels of blood sugar and instructs the release of insulin or glucagon
Fight-or-flight response
ACTH acts on the adrenal gland to release cortisol
Blood Chart
Agglutination - Clumps in blood
Ex. Anti B-antibody will not bind, B-antibody/B-antigen will bind
Negative = Rh anti = Mixed = Rh present
Positive = No Rh anti = Clumped = Rh not present
Type D = Rhesus
Blood Types:
Type A: Anti B-antibody, can receive blood from type A and O
Type B: Anti A-antibody, can receive blood from Type B and O
Type AB (universal accepter): Anti A and B, can receive blood from type A, B, AB, and O
Type O (universal donor): Zero antigens, Anti A and B, can receive blood from type O only
Blood Formed Element
A. Monocyte
B. Eosinophil
C. Neutrophils
D. Basophils
Monocyte
Eosinophils
Neutrophils
Basophils
Blood Pressure
Average: 120/80 mm Hg or lower
Elevated: 120−129/<80 mm Hg
Stage 1 high blood pressure: 130−139/80−89 mm Hg
Stage 2 high blood pressure: >140/>90 mm Hg
Hypertensive: >180/>120 mm Hg
Systolic: Top number (higher number)
Diastolic: Bottom number (lower number)
Systolic
Relating to blood pressure
Top number
Usually the higher number
Diastolic
Relating to blood pressure
Bottom number
Usually the lower number
Heart
Heart Diagram
Pericardium
Fibrous
Outermost
Dense irregular connective
Anchors hearts
Parietal layer
Simple squamous
Attaches to fibrous pericardium
Visceral layer
Simple squamous
Right Atrium
Location of SA and AV nodes
SA node - Pacemaker
AV node - Takes over in case of SA node failure
Tricuspid Valve
Opens into right ventricle
Deoxygenated blood from the SVC and IVC drains in this chamber
Pectinate muscles
Right Ventricle
Location of right side of Purkinje fiber
Tricuspid valve open into the right ventricle
Sends deoxygenated blood to lungs via Semilunar valve
Papillary muscles
Posterior interventricular artery
Supplies posterior ventricles
Anterior interventricular artery
Supplies anterior ventricles
Left Ventricle
Receives oxygenated blood from left atrium via mitral valve
Sends oxygenated blood to the rest of the body via aortic valve
Papillary muscles
Left Purkinje fibers
Posterior interventricular artery
Supplies posterior ventricle
Anterior interventricular artery
Supplies anterior ventricles
Layers of the Heart
Pericardium - Outer layer, consists of a fibrous protective layer
Myocardium - Middle layer, contains the heart muscles
Endocardium - Innermost layer, lines the heart
Pericardium
Outermost layer
Fibrous
Outermost
Dense irregular connective
Anchors hearts
Parietal layer
Simple squamous
Attaches to fibrous pericardium
Visceral layer
Simple squamous
Fibrous
Outermost
Dense irregular connective
Anchors hearts
Parietal Layer
Simple squamous
Attaches to fibrous pericardium
Visceral Layer
Simple squamous
Myocardium
Middle layer, contains the heart muscles
Pectinate muscles - Atriums
Papillary muscles - Ventricles
Heart Muscles
Pectinate muscles - Atriums
Papillary muscles - Ventricles
Pectinate Muscle Located
Right and Left Atriums
Papillary Muscle Located
Right and Left Ventricles
Endocardium
Innermost layer, lines the heart
Vascular
Right and left artery
Right and left vein
Lower extremity artery
Lower extremity vein
Right and Left Artery and Vein
Lower Extremity Artery and Vein
Microscope
Ocular lens
Objective
Mechanical stage
Fine knob
Course knob
Field of view
Scanning lens
Ocular Lens
Objective
Mechanical Stage
Fine knob
Coarse Knob
Field of View
Scanning Lens
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Stimulates the release of thyroid hormone (TH)
Metabolism
Prolactin (PRL)
Milk production
Mammary gland growth in females
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Females:
Regulates ovarian development
Estrogen secretion
Males:
Sperm development
Testosterone secretion
Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
Causes release of corticotropin by adrenal gland
Growth Hormone (GH)
Causes liver to secrete insulin-like growth factor 1 and 2
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADR)
Decrease urine production
Stimulates thirst
Constricts blood vessels
Oxytocin (OT)
Uterine contraction
Milk ejection
Emotional bonding
Blood Type A
Anti B-antibody
Can receive blood from type A and O
Blood Type B
Anti A-antibody
Can receive blood from Type B and O
Blood Type AB
Anti A and B
Can receive blood from type A, B, AB, and O
Universal acceptor
Blood Type O
Zero antigens
Anti A and B
Can receive blood from type O only
Universal donor
Average Blood Pressure
120/80 mm Hg
Elevated Blood Pressure
120−129/<80 mm Hg
Stage 1 High Blood Pressure
130−139/80−89 mm Hg
Stage 2 High Blood Pressure
>140/>90 mm Hg
Hypertensive
>180/>120 mm Hg
Note 
Flashcard (38)