SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS 3 DELUSIONS, FORM/PROCESS, SPEECH

SOMATIC

Pertaining to functioning of one’s own body (brain is rotting)

EROTOMANIA

Someone is deeply in love with them

INFIDELITY

Pathological infidelity

SELF-ACCUSATION

False feeling of remorse or guilt

PSEUDOLOGIA PHANTASTICA

Uncontrollable lying in which patients elaborate fantasies that they freely communicate and act on (ex. Munchausen Syndrome)

PERSECUTION

False belief that one is being harassed, cheated, or persecuted

REFERENCE

Belief that behavior of others refers to oneself; persons feel falsely that others are talking about them

GRANDIOSE

Exaggerated concept of one’s importance and identity

CONTROL

False belief that a person’s thought will, or feelings are being controlled by external forces

CIRCUMSTANTIALITY

Overinclusion of trivial or irrelevant details that impede the sense of getting to the point

CLANG ASSOCIATIONS

Thoughts are associated by the sound of words rather than their meaning

DERAILMENT / LOOSE ASSOCIATION

Breakdown in both the logical connection between ideas and the overall sense of goal directedness. The words make sentences but the sentences do not make sense

FLIGHT OF IDEAS

A succession of multiple associations so that thoughts seem to move abruptly from idea to idea; often but not invariably expressed with rapid, pressured speech

NEOLOGISM

Invention of new words or phrases or the use of conventional words in idiosyncratic ways

PERSEVERATION

Repetition of out of context words, phrases, or ideas

TANGENTIALITY

In response to a question, the patient gives a reply that is appropriate to the general topic without actually answering the questions

THOUGHT BLOCKING

Sudden disruption of thought or a break in the flow of ideas

WORD SALAD

Confused, often repetitious, language with no apparent meaning or relationship to the idea

ILLOGICAL THINKING

Thinking containing erroneous conclusions or internal contraindications

DEREISM

Mental activity that follows a totally subjective and idiosyncratic system of logic and fails to take the facts of reality or experience into consideration

AUTISTIC THINKING

Thoughts are largely narcissistic and egocentric with emphasis on subjectivity rather than objectivity (used interchangeably with dereism)

MAGICAL THINKING

Thoughts, words, or actions assume power (to cause or prevent events)

VERBIGERATION

Meaningless and stereotyped repetition of words or phrase

ECHOLALIA

Pathological repeating of words or phrases of another person

IRRELEVANT ANSWER

Answer is not in harmony with the question

FLUENCY

full command of native language as well as evaluation of stuttering, word-finding difficulties, and paraphasic errors

PROSODY

emotional and affective components of language, or “body language”, subserved by the right hemisphere

PRESSURED SPEECH

Increase in amount of spontaneous speech; may be rapid, loud, and accelerated

LOGORRHEA

Copious, pressured, and coherent speech; uncontrollable and excessive talking

POVERTY OF SPEECH

Restriction in speech; replies may be monosyllabic

NON-SPONTANEOUS SPEECH

Verbal response only when asked or spoken to

POVERTY OF CONTENT OF SPEECH

Speech that is adequate in amount but conveys little information because of vagueness, emptiness or stereotyped phrases

DYSPROSODY

Loss of normal speech melody

DYSARTHRIA

Difficulty in articulation, not in word-finding or grammar

STUTTERING

Frequent repetition or prolongation of a sound or syllable, leading to markedly impaired speech fluency

CLUTTERING

Disturbance of fluency involving an abnormally rapid rate and erratic rhythm of speech that impedes intelligibility; person is unaware of impairment

ACULALIA

Nonsense speech associated with marked impairment in comprehension; as seen in Wernicke’s aphasia

BRADYLALIA

Abnormally slow speech

DYSPHONIA

Impairment of voice production