lecture 2- low carbon urbanism

9/9

what is conventional urban development? efficiency and convenience → economic _______ → public ________ → cultural development → improving livability? whose?

growth, health

what is sustainable urban development? environmental integrity + socioeconomic and spatial justice → protecting and restoring ___________ & improving EVERYONE’s life and livelihood

ecosystems

what is metabolism? all physical and chemical processes to convert or _____ energy that are responsible for _____________ the living state of the cells and the organism. input → processing → output & discharge

use, maintaining

what does metabolism have to do with cities? urban metabolism involves all ______________ that underpin the operation and development of the city

processes

what is urban metabolism? the sum total of the technical and __________________ processes that occur in _________, resulting in growth, production of energy, and elimination of waste

socioeconomic, cities

urban metabolism is also the study of the inputs, ___________, and outputs/discharges of energy, _________, nutrients, and materials for an urban region. it is the study of the flow of __________ through the city

processing, water, matters

urban metabolism is a ______________, through which we can evaluate the degree of _____________ of the city

framework, sustainability

what is the input of the current form of urban metabolism?

food water energy materials

what is the processing of the current form of urban metabolism?

the physical environment and our stuff

what is the output and discharges of the current form of urban metabolism? ___________, residuals, effluent, ___________

emissions, pollutant

the current metabolism is a __________ process

linear

the current metabolism is at an increasing rate because of the pursuit of ___________ growth

economic

this linear process exerts local, regional and __________ impacts

global

ecological footprint measures how ________ we consume resources and generate _________ compared to how fast nature can absorb our waste and ___________ new resources

fast, waste, generate

the linear economy: take-make-use-dispose leads to dwindling _____ resources and scarce raw materials expected to last only a few more years

natural

what are fossil fuels? ___-renewable and contribute to climate chage

non

extremely likely that ________ influence has been the dominant cause of warming since the mid-20th century. it has increased since the pre-industrial era, driven largely by ___________ and population

human, economic

what are some ways that nations attempt to manage waste management issues? landfill, ___________, and dump into others’ backyard + wastewater treatment plants!

incineration

in many regions, extreme weather and climate impacts are underway in a __________ in cold temperature extremes, increase in warm temperature extremes, increase in extreme high sea _______, and increase in the number of __________ precipitation events

decrease, levels, high

issues of equity, justice, and fairness arise with respect to mitigation and adaptation, therefore options for ______________ burden-sharing can reduce the potential for the ________ of climate action to constrain development

equitable, costs

what is the essence of low carbon urbanism? quality of growth → _______ changing (price and infrastructure) → green business → low carbon development strategies

system

what is the double dividend of the essence of low carbon urbanism? ____________ economic growth and employment and ________ resource consumption and pollution

higher, lower

the essence of low carbon urbanism is from a linear to a ____________ economy.

circular

what is the overarching principle? we have a need for reframing and refining our ________ systems

value

how can we reach this reframing of the value system? integrating ecological considerations with socio economic and technological ____________ planning and concerting efforts by the government, private sector, and civil society in this creative endeavour

development

what are the four key principles of reframing? ____________ and integrated approach, promoting environmental ___________, promoting ___________ sustainability, and embedding low carbon considerations in the business model/project _____________

holistic, sustainability, social, cycle

we can adopt a holistic thinking in producing creative low-carbon solutions through conceptual, technical, and process _____________

integration

under a holistic approach, what is strategic planning? through thorough understanding of the ecological _________ and their carrying capacities to ensure ecologically sound urban _____________

development

strategic planning also highlights, amongst others, mapping and zoning various areas for ___________ and various degrees of development

conservation

in the 4 key reframing principles, promoting environmental sustainability includes using nature as a _________ and teacher

model

what does promoting environmental sustainability: nature as a model and teacher include? maintaining and restoring __________, respecting geographical __________, ___________ resource input, environmental externalities, and carbon production, and adopting the biomimicry ___________

ecosystem, equity, minimizing, principles

in the 4 key reframing principles, promoting social sustainability means intra- and _________ generational equity which includes promoting mixed urban forms, planning the public realm to promote personal _________, and adopting participatory governance processes that enhance the considerations of integrated needs over the _________ run

inter-, health, long

in the 4 key reframing principles, embedding low carbon considerations in the business model/project cycle involves envisioning to produce ______________ strategy and implementing changes in urban development ________

sustainable, practices

what is biocapacity? the regenerative ________ of our planet’s ecosystem

capacity