New World Beginnings

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts regarding the early civilizations of the Americas, European exploration, and the impact of their interactions.

Land Bridge

A strip of land connecting Asia and the Americas, believed to have been used by early humans to migrate.

Incas

An advanced civilization located in Peru, known for their agriculture and extensive political structure.

Aztecs

A powerful civilization in Mexico noted for its advanced society and notable capital, Tenochtitlan.

Maya

An ancient civilization in Central America recognized for its significant contributions in writing, mathematics, and astronomy.

Caravel

A ship developed by the Portuguese that was able to sail against the wind, facilitating exploration.

Columbian Exchange

The widespread transfer of plants, animals, diseases, and culture between the Americas and Europe following Columbus's voyages.

Treaty of Tordesillas

A 1494 agreement sanctioned by the Pope dividing newly discovered lands outside Europe between Spain and Portugal.

Spanish Armada

A fleet of ships sent by Spain in 1588, whose defeat marked the decline of Spanish naval dominance.

Maize

A staple crop cultivated in the Americas that allowed for population growth and the development of complex societies.

Triangular Trade

A historical trade system connecting Europe, Africa, and the Americas, involving the exchange of goods, slaves, and raw materials.