Proteins and Health Implications

These flashcards cover essential concepts related to proteins, their metabolic pathways, and implications for health, based on the lecture notes provided.

Protein Synthesis

The process by which cells make proteins based on the information encoded in DNA.

Amino Acids (AA)

Building blocks of proteins, absorbed into the bloodstream and transported to the liver.

Transcription

The process of copying a segment of DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA).

Translation

The process where ribosomes synthesize proteins using the mRNA sequence.

Protein Turnover

The continuous process of degradation and synthesis of proteins in the body.

Cancer Cachexia

A complex metabolic syndrome characterized by involuntary weight loss and muscle wasting in cancer patients.

Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM)

A condition resulting from inadequate protein and calorie intake, leading to muscle loss and other physical symptoms.

Sarcopenia

Age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength.

Gluconeogenesis

The metabolic process of synthesizing glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, such as amino acids.

Amino Acid Pool

The available pool of amino acids in the body for protein synthesis and other metabolic processes.