AP Human Geography Multiple Choice Questions

When people who speak a given language migrate to a different location and become isolated from other members of their group

A.) their language usually shows very little change even over a long period of time, despite the appearance of a small number of changes typical of different dialects.

B.) they immediately develop a literary tradition.

C.) isolation usually results in the differentiation of one language into dialects, followed eventually by two distinct languages.

D.) they lose their linguistic abilities.

E.) groups form multiple dialects.

C.) isolation usually results in the differentiation of one language into dialects, followed eventually by two distinct languages.

The acquisition of data about Earth's surface from a satellite, spacecraft, or specially equipped high-altitude balloon is:

A.) GIS.

B.) GPS.

C.) remote sensing.

D.) aerial photography.

E.) USGS.

C.) remote sensing.

Which of the following does NOT distinguish Geographers from Historians according to Immanuel Kant?

A.) Geographers organize material spatially while historians organize material chronologically.

B.) Geographers identify the location and explain why human activities are there while historians focus on chronological events at a particular location.

C.) Geographers ask "where and why" and historians ask "when and why."

D.) Geographers examine the world as a whole while historians segment the world into regions for easier examination.

E.) Geographers recognize actions at one location can influence conditions elsewhere while historians examine past actions to explain future actions.

D.) Geographers examine the world as a whole while historians segment the world into regions for easier examination.

Which of the following types of maps would have the largest numeric scale?

A.) world

B.) continent

C.)state

D.) city

E.) country

D.) City

A computer system that stores, organizes, retrieves, analyzes, and displays geographic data is

A.) GIS.

B.) GPS.

C.) remote sensing.

D.) USGS.

E.) topographic analysis.

A.) GIS.

Which of the following statements is most correct regarding the origins of geography?

A.) Geography was invented as a science in the late eighteenth century.

B.) Humans have practiced geography at least since the time of ancient Greek civilization.

C.) Physical geography has been studied since ancient times, but human geography was first studied in the twentieth century.

D.) Geography owes its existence to the Renaissance period in Western Europe.

E.) Human geography was not practiced until powerful computers capable of mapping detailed information were invented.

B.) Humans have practiced geography at least since the time of ancient Greek civilization.

A map projection may distort a continent, making it appear stretched in some areas and smashed in others in order to

A.) distort the shapes of other continents.

B.) distort the distances and relative sizes of countries and continents.

C.) depict a map that accurately represents a globe in every detail.

D.) depict accurately the physical area of a country or continent.

E.) depict accurately the shape of that same continent.

D.) depict accurately the physical area of a country or continent.

The relationship among people and objects across space is defined as:

A.) scale.

B.) connection.

C.) diffusion.

D.) density.

E.) location

B.) connection.

Which statement is more accurate?

A.) Every meridian is actually a circle rather than a curved line.

B.) Every meridian is the same length and has the same beginning and end.

C.) Every parallel begins and ends at the poles.

D.) Every parallel is the same length.

E.) Every meridian is distorted by magnetic declination.

B.) Every meridian is the same length and has the same beginning and end.

Dating back to approximately 6000 BCE, we can judge that

A.) maps that distort the sizes of Greenland and Antarctica are generally the best, although they make Africa and South America appear too small while simultaneously expanding the size of Europe.

B.) maps have appeared in many forms in different societies and times, including modern paper maps, GPS in cars, and the urban maps of ancient Turkey.

C.) fairly accurate navigational maps could only be produced after the start of the Industrial Revolution.

D.) sailors during the European Renaissance had paper maps that were far more useful to them than were the "stick charts" possessed by Polynesian sailors and fishers.

E.) the first "true" maps appeared because of modern printing presses in the twentieth century.

B.) maps have appeared in many forms in different societies and times, including modern paper maps, GPS in cars, and the urban maps of ancient Turkey.

10. Which of the following is NOT true?

A.) Scale is the relationship between a portion of the earth being studied and the whole earth.

B.) Space refers to the physical gap between two objects.

C.) Place is a specific point on earth distinguished by specific qualities.

D.) Space and place are the same thing.

E.) Scale may be represented by a city block, a neighborhood, a city boundary or an entire metropolitan area.

D.) Space and place are the same thing.

Which of the following are fundamental elements of culture?

A.) customary beliefs, material traits, and social forms

B.) physical environments and material traits

C.) social forms, material traits, customary beliefs, and physical environments

D.) material beliefs, customary forms, physical norms, and material social traits

E.) customary beliefs, volcanic mountain ranges, and river settlements

A.) customary beliefs, material traits, and social forms

The concept that the distribution of one phenomenon is related to the location of other phenomena is

A.) geographic analysis.

B.) spatial distribution.

C.) regional association.

D.) spatial association.

E.) spatial analysis.

D.) spatial association.

Culture means to

A.) teach art, music, and literature.

B.) discard effective practices.

C.) care about and nurture something.

D.) nurture the growth of a plant but not ideas, customs, or beliefs.

E.) develop new variations.

C.) care about and nurture something.

Moving toward the southwestern border of the United States, Spanish is increasingly spoken in addition to English. What type of region does this gradual change of language reflect?

A.) formal

B.) functional

C.) vernacular

D.) geo-linguistic

E.) bilingual

B.) functional

A geographer would be primarily interested in determining or locating a suitable ________ if he were wishing to study a remote, rural valley in western Africa where diamonds are mined.

A.) jurisdiction

B.) toponym

C.) geocache

D.) situation

E.) site

E.) site

New York City's ________ is approximately 100 miles northeast of Philadelphia and 100 miles southwest of Boston.

A.) location

B.) site

C.) situation

D.) toponym

E.) jurisdiction

C.) situation

Given your understanding of regions, the nine regions that the Census Bureau has established within the United States are examples of

A.) governmental regions.

B.) functional regions.

C.) nodal regions.

D.) formal regions.

E.) vernacular regions.

D.) formal regions.

The South is established as a vernacular region of the United States by

A.) climate, low educational attainment, cotton production, and the prevalence of talk radio stations.

B.) climate, low educational attainment, cotton production, and the prevalence of Baptist churches.

C.) climate, low high-school graduation rates, and the Roman Catholic and Baptist churches.

D.) low high school graduation rates, climate, cotton and corn (maize) production, and abuses of the rights of voters and minorities.

E.) high cotton production, high church attendance, the prevalence of right-wing talk radio stations, and limits placed on the civil rights of ethnic and racial minorities.

B.) climate, low educational attainment, cotton production, and the prevalence of Baptist churches.

An area distinguished by one or more unique characteristics is a(n)

A.) biome.

B.) landscape.

C.) uniform unit.

D.) ecosystem.

E.) region.

E.) region.

Which of the following best describes the idea of a cultural landscape?

A.) a landscape set aside for historical preservation, like a Civil War battlefield

B.) land that has been developed with museums, concert halls, and schools

C.) a landscape where human activity has modified the natural environment in some way

D.) a landscape that has been completely modified, like a city center

E.) a landscape untouched by human activity, featuring mountains, rivers, and plants

C.) a landscape where human activity has modified the natural environment in some way

The frequency of something within a given unit of area is

A.) Distribution.

B.) Pattern.

C.) Concentration.

D.) Density.

E.) Dispersion.

D.) Density.

The diffusion of HIV/AIDS prevention methods and treatments in the United States is an example of which type of diffusion?

A.) Relocation

B.) Hierarchical

C.) contagious

D.) Stimulus

E.) Geospatial

C.) contagious

A ________ is the spread of something over a given study area.

A.) Density

B.) Distribution

C.) Concentration

D.) Pattern

E.) Diffusion

C.) Concentration

Among the elements of globalization of culture are tendencies toward

A.) uniform consumption preferences, slower communications, unequal access to resources, greater access to entertainment, and a mixture of uniformity and variety in cultural forms.

B.) enhanced communications, heterogeneity, and equal access to resources.

C.) uniform consumption preferences, enhanced communications, unequal access to resources, and uniformity in cultural forms.

D.) maintaining local traditions.

E.) maintaining local traditions along with uniformity of cultural beliefs and forms.

C.) uniform consumption preferences, enhanced communications, unequal access to resources, and uniformity in cultural forms.

The township and range system

A.) is in use nearly everywhere in the world.

B.) was used for navigation by early pioneers, traders, and explorers in North America.

C.) established a gridlike pattern for much of present-day land use in the United States.

D.) was used throughout Europe until the mid-1800s, after which the United States adopted it.

E.) established a gridlike pattern for much of present-day Europe and the United States.

C.) established a gridlike pattern for much of present-day land use in the United States.

To geographers, the spread of McDonald's around the world represents

A.) the relocation diffusion of restaurants.

B.) a unique taste in nearly every location.

C.) economic proliferation.

D.) economic and cultural globalization.

E.) economic globalization but not cultural globalization.

D.) economic and cultural globalization.

Which of the following are forms of expansion diffusion?

A.) relocation and stimulus

B.) contagious and hierarchical

C.) contagious and eponymous

D.) economic and relocation

E.) hierarchical and formal

B.) contagious and hierarchical

Globalization of the economy has

A.) decreased investment in less developed countries.

B.) drained resources from more developed countries.

C.) heightened economic differences among places.

D.) leveled economic differences between places.

E.) decreased regional specialization of production.

C.) heightened economic differences among places.

The arrangement of a phenomenon across Earth's surface is

A.) spatial analysis.

B.) spatial association.

C.) distribution.

D.) dispersal.

E.) regional dissociation.

C.) distribution.

A hearth is

A.) the perimeter or boundary marked by a regional feature.

B.) the process by which a feature or trend spreads.

C.) the modification of a culture as a result of contact with a more powerful one.

D.) an area defined by one or more distinctive features or trends.

E.) a region from which a phenomenon originates.

E.) a region from which a phenomenon originates.

Why are there 24 time zones?

There are 24 time zones because the 360 lines (since there are 360 degrees of longitude) gets divided by 15 (since every fifteen degrees is a singular time zone). Thus, we get a time zone for each hour of the day, 24 of them total.

If someone said that people living in the desert are lazy because of the intense heat, this would be an example of what geographic approach?

Environmental determinism is the geographic approach related to claiming that people living in deserts are lazy because of the intense heat.

A new piece of land created by draining the area is called a polder. (T/F)

True

The study of how humans and the environment interact is called

A.) cultural diffusion.

B.) cultural ecology.

C.) environmental determinism.

D.) cultural possibilism.

E.) natural science.

B.) cultural ecology.

The concept that the physical environment sets broad limits on human actions, but that people have the ability to adjust to a wide variety of physical environments is

A.) people determine their physical environment.cultural relativism.

B.) possibilism.

C.) climate.

D.) environmental determinism.

E.) spatial association.

B.) possibilism.

According to environmental determinism,

A.) people cannot adjust to different physical environments because of cultural traditions.

B.) the physical environment sets loose limits on cultural and social actions.

C.) the physical environment causes different types of social and cultural development.

D.) people determine their physical environment.

E.) people can choose a course of action from many alternatives offered by the physical environment, and they can also engage in cultural behaviors that seem contradictory to the environment.

C.) the physical environment causes different types of social and cultural development.

Hurricane Katrina's landfall on the United States is an interesting geographic case study because

A.) the damage was largely a result of flooding from rivers and a storm surge, not the winds.

B.) its winds reached incredible speeds near the eye of the hurricane.

C.) its effects are an intersection of human and physical geography.

D.) people of all ethnic and racial groups were equally devastated by the storm.

E.) the federal government was poorly prepared for the storm and its aftermath.

C.) its effects are an intersection of human and physical geography.

If someone said that human activities may be limited by intense heat, but that humans have adapted to living in the desert through the use of air conditioning, this would be an example of what geographic approach?

Possibilism is the geographic approach related to claiming humans have adapted to intense heat of desert environments.

Geographers generally reject environmental determinism for possibilism (T/F)

True

It may sound strange to hear that the ________ is generally lower for less developed countries than for more developed countries, but the difference is correlated to the average age of each population.

A) total growth rate.

B.) natural increase rate.

C.) infant mortality rate.

D.) crude death rate.

E.) crude birth rate.

D.) crude death rate.

The highest natural increase rates are found in countries in which stage of the demographic transition?

A.) Stage 1

B.) Stage 2

C.) Stage 3

D.) Stage 4

E.) Stage 5

B.) stage 2

The highest crude death rates are found in countries in which stage of the demographic transition?

A.) Stage 1

B.) Stage 2

C.) Stage 3

D.) tage 4

E.) Stage 5

A.) Stage 1

The world's annual ________ is currently approximately 1.2 percent, at which rate the world's population is projected to double in about 54 years.

A.) life expectancy rate (LER)

B.) crude birth rate (CBR)

C.) life increase rate (LIR)

D.) natural expectancy rate (NER)

E.) natural increase rate (NIR)

E.) natural increase rate (NIR)

Stages 1 and 4 of the Demographic Transition are similar in that

A.) both have low growth rates.

B.) both have high dependency ratios.

C.) both have low dependency ratios.

D.) both have low life expectancies.

E.) both have low death rates.

A.) both have low growth rates.

A decline in a country's crude birth rate would result in an increase in that country's

A.) total fertility rate.

B.) life expectancy rate.

C.) crude death rate.

D.) doubling time.

E.) natural increase rate.

D.) doubling time.

The average number of births women bear in their lifetimes is

A.) crude fertility rate.

B.) crude birth rate.

C.) total birth rate.

D.) total fertility rate.

E.) total increase rate

D.) total fertility rate.

One demographic feature with the most significant future implications is that

A.) there are fewer people in the world now than at the peak in the middle of the twentieth century.

B.) the less developed countries have the highest combined crude death rate.

C.) people are uniformly distributed across Earth.

D.) the natural increase rate is larger every year.

E.) the most rapid growth is occurring in the less developed countries.

E.) the most rapid growth is occurring in the less developed countries.

Among the world's countries, the spread between the highest and lowest crude death rates is ________ than the spread between the highest and lowest crude birth rates.

A.) greater

B.) less

C.) the same as

D.) more related to income

E.) less dependent on social services

B.) less

A crude birth rate of approximately 10 per 1,000 is typical of a country in which stage of the demographic transition?

A.) Stages 2 and 3.

B.) Stage 1

C.) Stage 2

D.) Stage 3

E.) Stage 4

E.) Stage 4

The shape of a country's population pyramid

A.) has no correlation to its crude death rate.

B.) cannot be used to estimate the country's dependency rate.

C.) is determined primarily by its crude birth rate.

D.) is determined primarily by the combination of its crude birth rate and its crude growth rate.

E.) cannot be used to estimate the country's sex ratio.

C.) is determined primarily by its crude birth rate.

The stages of the epidemiologic transition are based on

A.) the means through which disease is transmitted spatially.

B.) non-contagious diseases such as heart disease, obesity, or diabetes.

C.) causes of death at varying stages of the demographic transition.

D.) pandemics like the bubonic plague, influenza, or AIDS.

E.) new food sources which produced population explosions.

C.) causes of death at varying stages of the demographic transition.

The population pyramid of a city in southern Florida, Arizona, or even northern Japan may appear ________ because the city's population is dominated by elderly people.

A.) to have perfectly vertical sides

B.) to be an "age-sex ratio"

C.) to have a wide base

D.) "upside down"

E.) "rightside-up"

D.) "upside down"

A dependency ratio of 65 represents

A.) that only those over 65 are dependent on government services.

B.) that the population is a greying population.

C.) that more women are expected to enter the labor force.

D.) that for every 100 people, 65 are dependent on the current labor force.

E.) that for every 100 people, 35 are dependent on the current labor force.

E.) that for every 100 people, 35 are dependent on the current labor force.

The most lethal epidemic in recent years has been

A.) Cholera.

B.) malaria.

C.) AIDS.

D.) avian flu.

E.) SARS.

C.) AIDS.

The term ________ refers to the control of diseases.

A.) pandemiology

B.) epidemiology

C.) infectionical

D.) medicology

E.) transition

B.) epidemiology

Country A has approximately 100,000 children between the ages of 0 and 14, although it has a high infant mortality rate. It also has 202,000 elderly people who have retired from work, although most continue to live in multi-generational households with their children and grandchildren. Country A also has 310,000 people who can participate in the workforce. We can use these data to calculate that the

A.) dependency ratio is about 67 percent.

B.) dependency ratio is about 33 percent.

C.) dependency ratio is about 50 percent.

D.) life expectancy ratio is about 50 percent.

E.) population ratio is high.

C.) dependency ratio is about 50 percent.

Dr. John Snow found that cholera cases in London were

A.) spatially associated with certain public wells.

B.) being punished for their sins.

C.) spread through the main sea-trading routes by infected rats.

D.) being transmitted almost exclusively by French and Irish immigrants.

E.) transmitted through the air in contagious diffusion.

A.) spatially associated with certain public wells.

A possible stage five epidemiological transition is the stage of

A.) receding pandemics, including possible zombie pandemics.

B.) degenerative and human-created diseases.

C.) reemergence of infectious and parasitic diseases.

D.) pestilence and famine.

E.) delayed degenerative diseases.

C.) reemergence of infectious and parasitic diseases.

We can hypothesize with some confidence that Costa Rica has a lower crude death rate than the United States because Costa Rica

A.) has more hospitals per person.

B.) has a milder climate.

C.) has a higher sex ratio.

D.) has a lower percentage of elderly people.

E.) is in Stage 4 of the demographic transition.

D.) has a lower percentage of elderly people.

In the debate concerning global resources, which is NOT a criticism of the two perspectives?

A.) Malthusians argue that the gap between population growth and resources is wider than Malthus predicted.

B.) Malthusians evoke images of unrelenting desperation in which people search for food, water and energy.

C.) Neomalthusians argue that social injustice perpetuates uneven access to resources.

D.) Neomalthusians argue that while the supply of resources is fixed, population growth will introduce more thoughtful problem solvers.

E.) Malthusians introduce the transfer of medical technology as causal influence on population growth.

D.) Neomalthusians argue that while the supply of resources is fixed, population growth will introduce more thoughtful problem solvers.

Russia's increasing CDR may be most closely associated with

A.) inadequate pollution controls and degenerative diseases.

B.) civil war.

C.) AIDS.

D.) global climate change.

E.) lack of arable land.

A.) inadequate pollution controls and degenerative diseases.

Which of the following is NOT true about global medical services?

A.) On average, expenditures on health care exceed 15 percent of government expenditures in Europe and North America.

B.) Scandinavian countries provide some of the highest levels of public assistance.

C.) sub-Saharan African and Southwest Asian countries have few hospital beds per 10,000 than countries in Europe.

D.) Sub-Saharan African and Southeast Asian nations have the world's lowest rates of physicians per 10,000.

E.) The United States public assistance is comparable to Scandinavian nations.

E.) The United States public assistance is comparable to Scandinavian nations.

Thomas Malthus concluded that

A.) the world's rate of population increase was higher than the development of food supplies.

B.)crude birth rates must balance crude death rates.

C.) population growth was outpacing available resources in every country, according to algebraic calculations.

D.) population increased arithmetically while food production increased linguistically.

E.) so-called "moral restraint" was producing lower crude birth rates.

A.) the world's rate of population increase was higher than the development of food supplies.

Efforts to lower CBR through education and health care have shown statistically to result in all but which of the following?

A.) With the survival of more infants secure, women would be more likely to use contraceptives to limit pregnancies.

B.) With improved education, women would be more aware of reproductive rights and make more informed reproductive decisions.

C.) With greater education comes a higher skill set, thus women would have an improved opportunity to make economic decisions.

D.) Improvement in health care would result in reduced infant mortality rates due to poor prenatal care.

E.) Men would more likely take on the burden of contraception.

E.) Men would more likely take on the burden of contraception.

In comparing Malthus's theory to actual world food production and population growth during the past half-century, the principal difference is that

A.) actual food production has been much higher than Malthus predicted.

B.) Malthus's theory predicted much higher food production than has actually occurred.

C.) actual population growth has been much higher than Malthus predicted.

D.) Malthus's theory predicted much higher population growth than has actually occurred.

E.) population increased geometrically while food production increased exponentially.

A.) actual food production has been much higher than Malthus predicted.

Japan's population decline is directly attributed to

A.) impoverished urban populations suffering from lack of sanitation and health care facilities.

B.) the legacy of the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki by the United States.

C.) a legacy of inadequate pollution controls.

D.) the 201l earthquake, tsunami and consequent nuclear explosion.

E.) a demographic shift to smaller families and more women in the workforce.

E.) a demographic shift to smaller families and more women in the workforce.

A population pyramid like Japan's predicted 2050 pyramid represents

A.) the results of medical technology transfer seen in developing nations.

B.) a government policy to attract elderly immigrants.

C.) an aging population and contraction in the work force.

D.) a younger population decimated by the pandemic AIDS.

E.) recovery after the 2011 earthquake.

C.) an aging population and contraction in the work force.

The two most populous countries in the world are

A.) Russia and the United States.

B.) India and Bangladesh.

C.) China and India.

D.) Indonesia and China.

E.) the United States and China.

C.) China and India.

Although China has the largest population in the world, what explains the country's declining NIR?

A.) AIDS pandemic

B.) famine

C.) a 30-year population control policy

D.) high numbers of emigrants leaving China

E.) government provided contraceptives

C.) a 30-year population control policy

Which one of the following would you judge to be the best example of circulation?

A.) Going to a grocery store to buy supplies for your friend's sixteenth birthday party.

B.) Visiting a famous national park for the first time in your life.

C.) Taking your car to the mechanic because its transmission stopped functioning after six years of use.

D.) Going to the grocery store once every two or three weeks to stock up on food and supplies.

E.) Visiting a university in a distant state in order to determine whether it best suits your needs as a prospective college student.

D.) Going to the grocery store once every two or three weeks to stock up on food and supplies.

The migration transition model predicts that international migration reaches a peak at ________ of the demographic transition.

A.) Stage 1

B.) Stage 2

C.) Stage 3

D.) Stage 4

E.) Stage 5

B.) Stage 2

Wilbur Zelinsky's model of migration predicted

A.) long migration distances are more likely than short.

B.) migration characteristics vary with the demographic transition.

C.) women are more likely to migrate than men.

D.) migrants move most frequently for economic reasons.

E.) intraregional migration is more important than interregional migration in terms of political and economic resources.

B.) migration characteristics vary with the demographic transition.

The largest numbers of Europeans migrated to the United States primarily because of

A.) discoveries of gold in California and Alaska in the 1800s.

B.) the great reputation of schools and hospitals in the United States.

C.) decreased economic opportunities at the same time that European countries experienced rapid population growth.

D.) decreased political stability as European countries were wracked by revolutions.

E.) religious freedom in the United States, as European countries forbade their citizens to attend most kinds of religious services.

C.) decreased economic opportunities at the same time that European countries experienced rapid population growth.

Which statement most accurately describes the motivations of the historic European and current Latin American immigrants to the United States?

A.) Migrants from Europe were fleeing religious persecution while migrants from Latin America are motivated by economic factors.

B.) Migrants from Europe mostly spoke English while migrants from Latin American mostly speak Spanish.

C.) Both were and are motivated by a desire to join family members already in the United States.

D.) Both were and are motivated primarily by economic factors.

E.) Both were and are motivated by famine in their home countries.

D.) Both were and are motivated primarily by economic factors.

If your ancestors migrated to the United States during the 1840s and 1850s, barring any other evidence, you might strongly suspect that they originated in

A.) Italy or Poland.

B.) Ireland or Germany.

C.) Spain or Portugal.

D.) Norway or England.

E.) Russia or Bulgaria.

B.) Ireland or Germany.

Several million Irish migrated in the 1840s primarily because

A.) they were attracted by the separation of church and state (freedom of religion) in the United States.

B.) poor environmental conditions, including volcanic eruptions and tsunamis, induced them to migrate.

C.) the British military forced them to become refugees.

D.) Spanish invasions threatened their homes.

E.) disastrous economic conditions, exacerbated by British government policies, pushed them out of the country.

E.) disastrous economic conditions, exacerbated by British government policies, pushed them out of the country.

Most migrants to the United States during the peak of the late nineteenth century came from which parts of Europe?

A.) south and east

B.) north and west

C.) central

D.) east and west

E.) north and east

B.) north and west

The largest number of legal, documented immigrants to the United States come from what country?

A.) South Korea

B.) the Philippines

C.) Cuba

D.) Dominican Republic

E.) Mexico

E.) Mexico

Most migrants to the United States during the early twentieth century came from which part of Europe?

A.) south and west

B.) north and west

C.) central

D.) south and east

E.) north and east

D.) south and east

The most prominent type of intraregional migration in the world is

A.) region to region.

B.) urban to rural.

C.) city to city.

D.) rural to urban.

E.) north to south.

D.) rural to urban.

Among the difficulties faced by the Soviet Union's program to attract migrants to its industrial zones was the following:

A.) Migrants didn't move often because of high population growth.

B.) The premier of the Soviet Union was criticized for engaging in fraudulent electoral practices, and the resulting lack of trust in the political system has kept workers from migrating.

C.) Russian speakers were willing to migrate, but speakers of other languages were not.

D.) The program provided no economic incentives.

E.) Many heavy industries were located in remote northern areas, which experienced harsh winters.

E.) Many heavy industries were located in remote northern areas, which experienced harsh winters.

The Brazilian government encouraged interregional migration by

A.) making Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo more attractive.

B.) moving the capital to Brasilia.

C.) industrial development on the Atlantic coast.

D.) clearing the rain forest for agricultural activities in the interior.

E.) dictating optimal locations for factories.

B.) moving the capital to Brasilia.

A principal pull factor in California in the 1840s was

A.) a war with Mexico.

B.) a "nitrate rush."

C.) a "gold rush."

D.) a "dust bowl."

E.) the Great Plains.

C.) a "gold rush."

Counterurbanization is

A.) moving from an urban core to suburban areas.

B.) due to expanding suburbs.

C.) the trend of the elderly retiring to communities in southern states such as Arizona or Florida.

D.) the decline of the inner-city infrastructure.

E.) migration to rural areas and small towns from central cities or suburbs.

E.) migration to rural areas and small towns from central cities or suburbs.

Some of the highest rates of migration today for Filipinos are to

A.) Eastern Europe.

B.) Russia.

C.) countries in southwestern Asia.

D.) Mexico and Latin America.

E.) Canada.

C.) countries in southwestern Asia.

The U.S. center of population has moved steadily to the

A.) center.

B.) west.

C.) south.

D.) north.

E.) east.

B.) west.

Which is a current intraregional migration trend in the United States?

A.) metropolitan to non-metropolitan

B.) net emigration from the northeast

C.) urban to suburban

D.) all of these

E.) rural to urban

C.) urban to suburban

Suburbanization of more developed countries is due to

A.) expanding urban territory.

B.) increasing employment opportunities.

C.) desire to change lifestyle.

D.) regional development.

E.) global investment.

C.) desire to change lifestyle.

From the discussions of demographic changes within the United States we can deduce that the largest level of interregional migration in the United States was caused by the

A.) unauthorized immigration from Latin America, especially in the 1900s.

B.) immigration of Asians beginning in the early twentieth century, despite the Chinese Exclusion Acts.

C.) arrival of Europeans and their wars with Native Americans beginning in the 1600s.

D.) opening up of the western territories to settlement.

E.) industrial development in the northeast, particularly at the outset of the Industrial Revolution.

D.) opening up of the western territories to settlement.

Refugees migrate primarily because of which type of push factor?

A.) economic

B.) environmental

C.) cultural

D.) circulation

E.) All of these answer choices are correct.

C.) cultural

According to the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) in 2010, the largest number of refugees were forced to migrate from ________, which have seen a great deal of armed conflict in recent years.

A.) Sudan, South Africa, and Colombia

B.) Mexico and Colombia

C.) Vietnam and Indonesia

D.) Ethiopia, Nicaragua, and Somalia

E.) Afghanistan and Iraq

E.) Afghanistan and Iraq

An analysis of data on refugees suggests that

A.) neighboring countries tend to absorb most refugees from war-torn areas.

B.) neighboring countries almost never accept refugees from war-torn areas.

C.) there are seldom more than 100,000 refugees at any one time.

D.) most of the world's refugees end up in the United States or the United Kingdom.

E.) the United States generally accepts fewer refugees than any other country.

A.) neighboring countries tend to absorb most refugees from war-torn areas.

A young man in Vietnam wishes to migrate to another country to help support his family. Judging by current trends, he would most likely migrate to

A.) the United States.

B.) Europe.

C.) China.

D.) Australia.

E.) the Philippines.

C.) China.

Which of the following people would you deduce is most likely to engage in rural to urban migration in the near future?

A.) A young married woman in central Detroit who are worried about safety and the quality of schools in her neighborhood.

B.) The unmarried daughter of a large family in China whose main source of income is herding animals.

C.) The unmarried daughter of a large family in China who have all recently moved to Shanghai.

D.) A marketing director for a large corporation who is being asked to move from one metropolitan area to another.

E.) The eldest son of a large family in China who is the only member of the household with knowledge about planting and herding animals.

B.) The unmarried daughter of a large family in China whose main source of income is herding animals.

Many Argentinians who fled the country in the 1970s, when the country was ruled by a military regime, returned to the country after democratic elections were held in 1983. We might categorize this as an example of

A.) forced migration changing to voluntary migration.

B.) net migration changing to gross migration.

C.) a push factor changing to a pull factor.

D.) an economic migration factor changing to an environmental migration factor.

E.) a pull factor changing to a push factor.

C.) a push factor changing to a pull factor.

Judge which of the following is an historical example of a cultural push factor.

A.) Many of the first Europeans to settle in Australia migrated as prisoners after being sentenced to "transportation" in the United Kingdom and Ireland.

B.) The United States actively sought Mexican agricultural laborers during and after World War II.

C.) Many European farmers in the late 1800s chose to migrate to North America, as well as to Latin American countries where they felt that political and economic conditions would favor them.

D.) Changing climates likely encouraged the early migrations of hunter-gatherers.

E.) The British government allowed most of the population of Montserrat to migrate elsewhere in the 1990s after volcanic eruptions devastated large parts of the island.

A.) Many of the first Europeans to settle in Australia migrated as prisoners after being sentenced to "transportation" in the United Kingdom and Ireland.

Which of the following events would be considered a migration pull factor?

A.) failed harvest

B.) flooding of a river

C.) opening of a new factory

D.) revolutionary takeover of a government

E.) civil war

C.) opening of a new factory

Judge which of the following is the strongest example of a state government attempting to limit migration.

A.) allowing politicians to make anti-immigrant statements to the news media

B.) requiring immigrants to pay higher college tuition

C.) requiring police to ask for citizenship documents after they have arrested someone

D.) requiring police to stop cars that are driven by people who may be immigrants

E.) allowing thousands of people to march either to support or oppose reforms to immigration legislation

D.) requiring police to stop cars that are driven by people who may be immigrants

Migration to the United States declined during the 1920s primarily because of

A.) economic depression in the United States.

B.) declining demand for industrial workers.

C.) imposition of quota laws.

D.) forced migration after World War I.

E.) declining demand for domestic workers.

C.) imposition of quota laws.