DHC NEW CH 7

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Desirable traits for health careers

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Desirable traits for health careers

Strong desire to help others, genuine concern for patients, patience, emotional maturity

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Importance of understanding roles of other health professionals

Collaborative attitude, each contributes to care of individual patients

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Health careers for people who enjoy working with others

Nursing, medicine, dentistry, dietetics, social work, physical therapy, recreational therapy, occupational therapy

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Health careers with limited patient contact

Laboratory technicians, health information technicians

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Categories of healthcare occupations

Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations, Healthcare Support Occupations, Community and Social Service Occupations

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Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations

Clinical care (Diagnosing or Treating Practitioners) and support work (Health Technologists and Technicians)

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Educational requirement for practitioners

Graduate degree and licensure

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Examples of practitioners' occupations

Physicians, registered nurses, dentists, dental hygienists, audiologists, speech-language pathologists, dieticians, chiropractors, physical therapists, occupational therapists

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Examples of health technologists and technicians

Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians, diagnostic-related technologists and technicians, licensed practical and vocational nurses, dietetic or pharmacy technicians

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10

Health Support Occupations

Largest number of health care workers

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Examples of health support occupations

Home health and personal care aides, nursing assistants, medical assistants, dental assistants, massage therapists, phlebotomists, occupational and physical therapy assistants and aides

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Educational requirements for health support occupations

On-the-job training, postsecondary certification, or associate's degree

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Community and Social Service Occupations

Professionals working in healthcare settings

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Examples of community and social service occupations

Social workers, substance abuse/behavioral disorders/mental health counselors, health education

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Work settings for community and social service workers

Hospitals, clinics, public health settings

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Educational requirements for community and social service occupations

Bachelor's degree

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Support personnel in community and social service occupations

Community health workers, social service assistants

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Educational requirements for social service support personnel

High school diploma, on-the-job training

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Lack of diversity in the healthcare workforce

The healthcare workforce in the US lacks diversity

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Percentage of healthcare workers who are women

75%

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Healthcare occupations with majority of men

Dentists, chiropractors, physicians, optometrists, emergency medical technicians (EMTs)

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Healthcare occupations with lowest representation of men

Dental hygienists, speech-language pathologists

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Racial and ethnic distribution of healthcare workforce

76% White, 13% Black, 6% Asian

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Benefit of a diverse healthcare workforce

Improvement in communication, greater access to healthcare for minority patients

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Responsibility of the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)

Monitoring the diversity of the healthcare workforce, providing financial support for students

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Number of jobs in healthcare in 2018

18 million jobs

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Projected number of new jobs in healthcare between 2019 and 2029

2.4 million new jobs

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Percentage increase in demand for healthcare personnel between 2019 and 2029

15%

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Reasons for expected demand for healthcare workers

Longer life expectancy, aging of the Baby Boomers

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Healthcare practitioners needed to manage

Chronic diseases, personal care assistance for seniors

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Healthcare occupations projected to grow

Substance abuse/behavioral disorders/mental health counselors, physician assistants, speech-language pathologists, registered nurses, nurse practitioners, home health and personal care aides, physical and occupational therapy assistants

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Healthcare support occupations with low educational requirements and salaries

Occupations in the Healthcare Support category

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Healthcare occupations with higher educational requirements and salaries

Licensed practical nurses, registered nurses

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Careers with higher salaries

Physician assistants, speech-language pathologists, nurse practitioners, medical and health services managers

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Major industries employing healthcare workers

Hospitals, offices of health practitioners, nursing and residential facilities, home health services, outpatient laboratory and other ambulatory services

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Work settings for healthcare employees

Offices of physicians, dentists, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, hospitals, nursing homes, outpatient services

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Outpatient services

Community health centers, substance use disorder and behavioral health clinics

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Healthcare support personnel

Nursing and medical assistants

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Laboratory services

Medical technologists, technicians, EMTs

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Expected decrease in jobs in hospitals

To decrease the cost of healthcare delivery

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Expected increase in job growth in home health care services

As older adults seek ways to remain in their homes

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Concentration of healthcare jobs

Metropolitan areas

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Largest single employer of health workers

Hospitals

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Factors influencing mix of health workers needed by hospitals

Size, location, goals, funding, organization, management style

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Specialty hospitals

Limited to specific illnesses or conditions

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Rehabilitation hospitals

Specialize in care after spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, stroke, neurological disorder, chronic pain

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Pulmonary care hospitals

Specialize in care of patients requiring ventilator support

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Typical work hours for nurses and nursing assistants

12-hour shifts, 7am - 7pm, three days a week

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Work shifts for clinical laboratory workers

Day, evening, or night shift

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Office of health practitioners

Employ Diagnosing or Treating Practitioners with high levels of education

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Occupations in Health Technologists and Technicians

Dental hygienists, licensed practical nurses

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Alternative medicine occupations

Acupuncturists, massage therapists, homeopaths, hypnotherapists, naturopaths

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Number of residents in nursing homes and assisted living facilities

1.2 million in nursing homes, 811,500 in assisted-living facilities

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Services provided by nursing care facilities

Inpatient nursing, rehabilitation, health-related personal care

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Services provided by residential or assisted-living facilities

Around-the-clock social and personal care, skilled bedside nursing, assistance with activities of daily living

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Fastest-growing healthcare industry

Home health care services

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Services provided by home health care

Skilled nursing or medical care to older adults under physician's supervision

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Healthcare workers in home care setting

Registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, home health and personal care aides, nursing assistants

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Examples of ambulatory care services

Blood drawing, sonograms, radiation therapy

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Outpatient medical and diagnostic laboratories

Employ clinical laboratory technologists and technicians, radiological technologists, cardiovascular technologists, diagnostic medical sonographers, nuclear medicine technologists, magnetic resonance imaging technologists

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Additional work settings for healthcare workers

Orthotists and prosthetists, blood banks, dental laboratories, family planning services, health education, public health departments, poison control centers, community mental health centers, migrant health programs, community health centers, voluntary health agencies, federal government branches

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Maldistribution of health personnel

Unequal distribution of health workers across different regions and communities

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Government efforts to increase diversity and providers in underserved communities

Designating Health Professional Shortage Areas, providing funds to accredited health professions schools

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National Health Service Corps Loan Repayment Program

Repaying student loans for primary care providers in underserved communities

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Programs available for student loans

State Loan Repayment Program, NHSC LRP, other loan repayment programs

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Strategies for career exploration

Interviewing health workers, visiting laboratories, asking about facility philosophy

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Homework for exploring healthcare careers

Viewing video clips, visiting schools, getting part-time job or volunteer work, investigating jobs

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Questions to ask when selecting a school

Will the school prepare me for my career? What is the cost of education and sources of financial support?

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Licensure

State license, qualification to give health services

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Certification

Voluntary, establishes level of competence in field

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Registration

Listing of certified health professionals on official roster

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Healthcare occupations for people working with their hands

Dental technicians, ophthalmic technicians, biomedical equipment technicians, orthotists and prosthetists

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Healthcare occupations for people interested in working with machines

Respiratory therapists, radiologic technologists

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Healthcare careers for artists, musicians, or professional dancers

Arts and psychotherapy

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Healthcare careers for people who want to work with people

Nursing, medicine, dentistry, dietetics, optometry, social work, rehabilitation, mental health

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Common assumptions about working in healthcare

Not wanting to work around sick people, needing science and math, long and expensive training

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