Temperature, Heat, and Thermal Equilibrium Flashcards

Flashcards about Temperature, Heat, and Thermal Equilibrium based on lecture notes.

What is temperature?

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.

What is internal energy?

It is the energy of a substance due to the random motions of its particles and the potential energy from the distances and alignments between the particles.

What is thermal equilibrium?

It is the state in which two bodies in physical contact with each other have identical temperatures.

What is thermal expansion?

If the temperature of a substance increases, so does its volume.

What are the most common temperature scales?

Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin scales.

What is heat?

It is the energy transferred between objects because of a difference in their temperatures.

What is the difference between internal energy and heat?

The atoms of all objects are in continuous motion, so all objects have some internal energy. Heat, is the energy transferred from one object to another because of the temperature difference between them.

What is thermal conduction?

It is the type of energy transfer that is due to atoms transferring vibrations to neighboring atoms.

What is the difference between conduction, convection, and radiation?

Conduction: direct physical contact. Convection: heat transferred through movement of molecules. Radiation: does not require physical contact.

What is the conservation of energy principle?

The sum of the changes in potential, kinetic, and internal energy is equal to zero.

What is specific heat capacity?

The energy required to change the temperature of 1 kg of that substance by 1°C.

What is calorimetry?

An experimental procedure used to measure the energy transferred from one substance to another as heat.

What is latent heat?

Heat gained or lost during phase changes.

What is heat of vaporization?

The heat required to change 1 kg of a substance from a liquid to a gas.

What is heat of fusion?

The heat required to melt 1 kg of a substance.

What is thermal energy?

The total energy of all the particles in an entire object.

What is temperature?

The average kinetic energy of the particles in one location in an object.